The problem of protecting the Fatherland. The problem of sacrifice for homeland, the protection of the Motherland (EGE in Russian). What is the military service

The relevance of the dissertation study. The defense of the Fatherland is the most important direction in the activities of the modern Russian state and its citizens. From the successful permission of existing problems in this area, the future of Russia as a sovereign state, a full-fledged subject of international law depends. The foreign policy course of the Russian Federation as a great power, the permanent member of the UN Security Council is determined by the declared readiness to fully promote the achievement of the United Nations goals set out in the provisions of the UN Contents of 1945. The most important of them is the maintenance of peace and international security.

The defense of the Fatherland throughout the history of Russia had greater relevance. This is based on a number of factors: a special geographical position, a significant territorial length, a multinational composition of the population, frequent encroachment of foreign states and destabilizing groups on the sovereignty and integrity of the country, as well as the multidirectional vectors of the formation of Russian statehood.

At the beginning of the XXI century. It became clear that Russia on the way of modernization and transformation faced not only with the difficulties of internal, but also of the external order, in particular factors caused by the growth of international tensions. Its source is a policy (strategy) of unilateral actions destabilizing the international situation; Military adventurism of some States, accompanied by the use of compulsory measures using the Armed Forces bypassing the UN Charter and its Security Council, generally accepted principles and norms of international law; increasing number of states possessing nuclear weapon; Open challenges of international terrorism.

Today modern world He experiences fundamental and dynamic changes, deeply affecting the interests of Russia and its citizens. The concept of the foreign policy of the Russian Federation, approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of July 12, 2008 No. PR-1440, notes that in the international situation, along with a positive trend - the strengthening of the position of the Russian Federation in the international arena - negative trends are also manifested. The beginning of the new century was marked by global transformations around the world, determined new challenges both for Russia and for all mankind, which currently require adequate responses. "In conditions of aggravation of the political situation and the crisis in the country, and even more so in the presence of global military-terrorist threats political power There must be an adequate degree of these threats. . "2

The political situation in the world arena after the Georgian-Ossetian conflict (August 2008) has seriously changed, a qualitatively new geopolitical situation has been formed. The entire world community has witnessed, as the previous world orders collapsed and a new one began to form.

In the Message of the President of the Russian Federation, the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of November 5, 2008 D.A. Medvedev noted that "the local adventure of the Tbilisi regime turned into an increase in tension far beyond the region, throughout Europe, throughout the world. Questioned the effectiveness international Institutions Security. In fact, destabilized the foundations of the global order. " Reaction to events on August 8 and recognition of independence by Russia South Ossetia And Abkhazia, he added, once again showed that we live in the world of double standards.

1 See: The Concept of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation, approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of July 12, 2008 PR-1440. The document was not published. Access from the referee, the management system "ConsultantPlus".

2 Zorkin V.D. The value approach in constitutional regulation of rights and freedoms // Journal of Russian Law. 2008. No. 12. P. 5.

Events in the Caucasus clearly demonstrated the inconsistency of the current architecture of international security based on unipolarity, and even more strengthened the devaluation of traditional international obstacles.

After three years, everything is also important to the words V.V. Putin on the need to be in constant readiness to reflect ".Potential external aggression and acts of international terrorism. Must be able to respond to whose attempts to foreign policy pressure on Russia, including in order to strengthen their own positions at our expense. "1.

The reform of Russian society today puts forward a number of important, qualitatively new tasks on the creation of a sovereign and civilized state, the solution of which requires a deep understanding of citizens of the Russian Federation of the entire historical, cultural and moral and spiritual heritage, assessing what is happening, the formation of a constructive life position. This implies the need for the development of highly patriotic feelings in citizens to their homeland, readiness for debt and responsibilities for the protection of the Fatherland.

Alsonation of nature, the regulatory content and implementation of the constitutional obligation to protect the Fatherland has an important theoretical and practical significance. Currently, it is safe to say that the threat of security of Russia, which took place in the past, did not currently disappear, but acquired a different character.

As part of the duties and functions of the state, you can cope with any type of "virus of aggression", but the point here is not only in government instruments, but also in every citizen. The activity of the individual itself is an independent and substantial element of the sale of debt and responsibilities for the protection of the Fatherland. Therefore, it seems necessary, in the first

1 Putin V.V. Message to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of May 10, 2006 // Russian newspaper. 2006. May 11th. The queue, a thorough understanding and awareness of each citizen of Russia of his personal debt and duties enshrined in Art. 59 Constitution of the Russian Federation.

Problems of improvement legal support The activities of the state and citizenship of the defense of the Fatherland are particularly relevant, taking into account the incompleteness of the process of reforming the military organization of the country and the imperfection of the regulatory framework in the specified area.

B.S. Ebzeev rightly notes that "the sovereignty of the sovereignty of the people of pseudoparts," germinating ", not the needs of social progress, and from the current political situation, and the threats of the usurpation of the sovereignty of the people of social progress. New threats appeared, the synthesizing the dangers of the mainly generated by the bureaucracy of the "Democratic" Caesarism and the party "avant-garde", fraught. Withdraw from the active political life of the people and its transformation into an object of manipulating party top "1.

The stated circumstances determine the relevance and timeliness of this dissertation study, determine itsoretical and practical importance.

The degree of scientific desires of the topic of research. The constitutional basics of the protection of the fatherland in the Russian Federation to varying degrees were interested in the interest of many lawyers. The multi-term of this topic is explained by the fact that its individual issues were paid to both in jurisprudence (primarily in the science of constitutional and military law) and in philosophy, psychology, sociology.

Comprehensive nature The studied theme involves the multiplicity of the problems set in this dissertation and the need to appeal to the literature illuminating various aspects

1 Ebzeev B.S. Constitution of Russia and political pluralism (methodology, theory, guidelines of law enforcement) // Bulletin of the Saratov State Academy of Law. 2008. No. 2. P. 41. Topics. The defense issues of the Fatherland affect a whole range of identity relationships and states permeate many areas of the country's internal and foreign policy.

The general theoretical foundation of the study was the work in the field of state theory and law, as well as the theory of human rights and citizen. Among them, the works of S.A. Avakyan, S.S. Alekseeva, M.V. Baghalia, M.I. Baitina, N.S. Bondar, N.V. Vitruka, ld Voevodina, L.I. Glukhareva, E.I. Kozlova, G.N. Komkova, V.I. Crussa, O.E. Kutafina, E.A. Lukasheva, V.O. Icon, A.B. Malko, N.I. Matus, A.c. Mordovza, B.C. Nurse, O.Yu. Rybakova, V.M. Raw, I.E. Farberry, T.A. Habrieva, V.E. Chirkina, P. Shershevich, B.S. Ebzeeva, L.S. Yavich.

The philosophical works of the dissertation study had greater importance for the development of problems of the dissertation study. Berdyaeva, G.V.F. Hegel, T. Gobbs, I.A. Ilina, I. Kanta, S.A. Muromtseva, V.A. Rerin, D. Rolza, B.C. Solovyov, Spinoza, Cicero.

The study of the Constitutional Fundamentals of the Fatherland Protection in the Soviet period was devoted to the work of such authors as V.G. Belyavsky, G.I. Bushuev, F. Davudov, V.K. Mamaladze, K.V. Ordin, G.V. Orlov, P.I. Romanov, F.V. Saganyuk, V.G. Dragonskov, F.A. Khomenok.

In the military and administrative law of Russia, the study of certain issues of the protection of the Fatherland (primarily the problems of military service, alternative civil service and the legal status of the soldier) are devoted to a number of works N.M. Bogatyreva, A.T. Vakhidova, I.V. Grigorieva, I.M. Docked, A.B. Kudasina, Yu.I. Migacheva, A.C. Semaakina, B.C. Ukrainians, D.O. Shustrov and some other researchers.

Among the few work on the constitutional law on the issues of the protection of the Fatherland in the Russian Federation should, first of all, to celebrate the comment by B.S. Ebzeev to Part 1 Art. 59 Russian Constitution1.

At the same time, with all the wealth of scientific material devoted to the topic under consideration, in the science of the constitutional law of Russia there is no integrated development of the problems of the constitutional principles of the defense of the Fatherland. Most of the work on the specified topic was fragmented. Many informative aspects of the Constitutional Fundamental Fundamentals were analyzed before the adoption of the Constitution of the Russian Federation of 1993 and the new Russian legislation. Not received deep scientific research Issues related to constitutional legal analysis of such socio-legal categories as: "Defense of the Fatherland", "Debt for the Defense of the Fatherland", as well as the problems of mutual responsibility and constitutional responsibilities of the person and the state in the field of the protection of the Fatherland.

The subject of the study was public relations arising about constitutional legal regulations, as well as the implementation of the state and a citizen of the constitutional duty to the defense of the Fatherland.

The subject of the study is the regulatory content of the Constitutional Fundamentals for the Protection of the Fatherland in the Russian Federation, expressed in the relevant standards of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

Objectives and objectives of the study. The goal of the dissertation study is to comprehensively study the constitutional framework for the protection of the Fatherland in the Russian Federation in the new political and legal realities of Russian society and developing on this basis scientific and practical recommendations for improving legislation.

The achievement of this goal is due to the formulation and solving the following tasks:

1 See: Commentary on the Constitution of the Russian Federation / Ed. V.D. Zorkina and L.V. Lazarev. M., 2009. P. 511-514. explore the genesis of the Fatherland Protection Institute in Russian legislation; Determine the essence and place of the constitutional obligation to protect the fatherland in the system of legal duties of the state and citizen, as well as their interaction; to give the concept of "constitutional debt to defend the Fatherland" and "Constitutional obligation to protect the Fatherland" and disclose their content; give a definition and reveal the content of such concepts as "Fatherland" and "Defense of the Fatherland"; Conduct a comparative analysis of the Institute for the Protection of the Fatherland in foreign countries; consider the main aspects of the implementation of a constitutional obligation to protect the Fatherland; reveal the system of guarantees of the implementation of the constitutional obligation to protect the Fatherland; Determine the place and role of the doctrine of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in the regulation of the Institute for the Defense of the Fatherland.

The methodological basis of the study was the general scientific dialectical method of cognition, the method of unity of historical and logical, systemically structural in combination with other privately scientific methods: comparative law, formal legal.

The regulatory and empirical research base is based on the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the constitutions of a number of foreign countries, international legal acts, federal legislation, subtitle legal acts, the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation related to the issues of the protection of the Fatherland.

Theoretical Foundation Research was the works of domestic and foreign scientists affecting various aspects of the problem under consideration, as well as publications in scientific publications and periodic press, covering the concepts, content and implementation of the constitutional obligation to protect the Fatherland.

Special role In the development of the topic of dissertation research, transcripts, materials and documents of the Constitutional Meeting of 1993 played

The scientific novelty of the study is due to the very formulation of the problem on modern stage Development of constitutional law, as well as intended goal and objectives and is that the thesis is a comprehensive monographic study of the constitutional principles of the protection of the Fatherland in the Russian Federation. C.

The specifics of the study lies in the detailed legal analysis and the author's interpretation of a number of constitutional concepts with a support for the philosophical base, as well as the data of other branches of sciences.

The dissertation takes place a special logical form for consistent reflection of complex ties between such concepts as: "Constitutional duty" and "Constitutional debt" on the protection of the Fatherland. Therefore, in work, along with the study of general theoretic aspects, a significant place is paid to the consideration of the philosophical grounds for analyzed concepts.

Given the complexity and multi-faceted problem, the author did not strive to formulate and consider all aspects of the chosen topic. The work is devoted to the study of its most important, basic issues with theoretical and practical significance.

The following main provisions are made on the defense, which are new or elements characterized by novelivers:

1. The Constitution of the Russian Federation of 1993 reflects the continuity of the constitutional principles of the defense of the Fatherland, which have passed a long way of becoming. She absorbed and developed traditional concepts for Russia at various stages of its history. Basic concepts in the field of homeland protection. As the modernization of Russian society, changes social Structure, hardening state buildingThe expansion and modifications of external and domestic political tasks were also improved by the constitutional base of the institution under consideration. At the same time, the Constitutional Fundamental Fundamentals formed the guarantee of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation and are an integral element of the progressive development of the state and each individual.

2. Constitutional obligation to protect the Fatherland, enshrined in Part 1 of Art. 59 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, has a dual objective-subjective nature. On the one hand, this is the norm of a basic law that does not depend on the will and desire of a separate person and has not only an ordinary citizen, but also the legislators designed to actualize this duty in the current legislation, as well as the executive and judicial authorities. On the other hand, the very fact that this duty that can be implemented by the face in the forms elected to them and adequate to them, addressed to each particular person, and not an abstract citizen, allows us to talk about its subjective side. In this case, the objective and legal yield is transformed into a subjective responsibility due to the topical statement of this provision.

3. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the Constitutional Fundamentals of the Defense of the Fatherland in the Russian Federation, the dissertant put forward a thesis that, on the one hand, a citizen of the Russian Federation speaks the subject of constitutional obligation to protect the Fatherland, which is the Russian state, which as a regulator of existing protection relations Fatherland, pointing to the appropriate, intelligent and socially necessary version of the behavior, is associated with the people and a separate personality relevant responsibility for the protection of the Motherland in the person of its legislative, executive and judicial bodies and their officials.

The specificity of the constitutional duty of the state for the defense of the Fatherland is as follows: this state duty does not have direct consolidation in the text of the Basic Law, but is one of the priorities of all state activities; It serves as a guarantee of the strength of the constitutional system, the sovereign development of the Russian state, human rights and freedoms and citizen; This duty synthesizes the political, legal, moral and other aspects of relations between the people, personality and the state; Failure or improper fulfillment by the state represented by its bodies and their officials of the constitutional obligation to protect the Fatherland entails the onset of the constitutional and other type of responsibility.

4. The disminterate was formulated to a synthetic definition of the concept of "constitutional responsibility for the protection of the Fatherland", under which the highest legal requirement is understood by the Constitution of the Russian Federation in the interests of all members of the Society, prescribing both the state and to each Russian citizen, the species and measure of behavior, responsibility for its inadequate Execution and aims to protect Russia from any type of aggression and other forms of infringement of the interests of the Motherland.

Thus, the author comes to the conclusion that every citizen of the Russian Federation, the entire multiethnic people of Russia, the Russian state, and all government bodies and their officials, local government bodies are the subjects of the responsibility for the defense of the Fatherland.

The expediency of separate consideration of the interrelated categories of "Constitutional Debt for the Defense of the Fatherland" and "Constitutional obligation to protect the Fatherland" are substantiated, their relationship is considered. Agmented refutation is given scientific According to which the Debt for the defense of the Fatherland is the indispensable requirement of the state, which can be provided by coercion by the latter.

The dissertation determines the constitutional debt to protect the Fatherland as reflected and enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, a moral requirement for human behavior, the socio-political essence of which is expressed in the protection of Russia from any type of aggression and other forms of infringement of the interests of the Motherland.

5. The author proves the mistakenity of the thesis on the information of the relationship between the birthplace with the individual only to the biological act and civil affiliation. In his opinion, love and respect for Russia are far from always determined by the above moments and are often the problem of the moral choice of the personality and its son's attitude towards Russia as the Fatherland in need of protection.

The dissertation believes that Fatherland is not an abstraction, but an objective reality, a really existing social phenomenon that is in constant and inseparable communications with a person, representing a value-saturated organism, acts as a certain comprehensive medium associated with all the areas of society's life, where activities People are reflected in its historical development.

The defense of the Fatherland is not only the citizens of the Russian Federation, but also of any other person, whose subjective choice determined Russia by the Fatherland. To this person can not be denied the implementation of its protection. In the case when the face purposefully "increases" the borders of his homeland (receives second citizenship), he has a direct responsibility for its protection against the manifestations of external aggression from the other state of the group of states), which should be defined in relevant international acts.

6. Defense of the fatherland, in addition to external, characterizes the internal aspect, i.e., it implies not only the participation of citizens in the defense of the state, when there is a manifestation of external aggression, but also their participation in special events in case of encroachment on the integrity of the state from destabilizing Public life of population groups, as well as in preventing the usurpation of state power.

The definition of "Defense of the Fatherland" is given - this is a system of military, economic, political, scientific and technical and other measures taken by the state and citizens of the Russian Federation, which is intended to ensure, strengthen and build up the country's military-defensive potential, as well as protection (including and armed) from aggression or other forms of infringement of the interests of Russia.

7. A special place in the system of methods for guaranteeing the implementation of the constitutional obligation of citizens to protect the Fatherland is owned by the Institute of Positive Constitutional Responsibility. The constitutional responsibility of the citizens, on which the constitutional obligation to protect the Fatherland is entrusted, is the consistent exercise and the ratio of the behavior of a citizen of the Russian Federation with the fundamental law to protect their homeland.

8. The Doctrine of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in virtue of large generalization, capacity and informativeness is the most important factor in the improvement and development of legal norms regulating the activities of the state and the whole of society to protect the Fatherland, as well as an effective guidance of constitutional behavior in this field.

In order to comprehensively and complete analysis and adequate reflection of the legal positions of the Constitutional Court, expressing its official doctrine and related to the protection of the Fatherland, the dissertant attempted to classify legal positions on functional and subject specialization to the following types: Legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on the application of the Armed Forces Russian Federation; The legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation associated with the legal status of the Defender of the Fatherland; Legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation related to the issues of military duty and military service; The legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation related to the issues of social protection of persons carrying military service.

The novelty of the study is confirmed by other conclusions and provisions formulated by the author, including a proposal for the adoption of the Federal Law "On the Border Territories of the Russian Federation"; To make changes and additions to the Federal Law "On Military Responsibilities and military service" and other acts carrying out the legal regulation of the rights and obligations of citizens in the field of the protection of the Fatherland.

The theoretical and practical significance of the work is to develop a scientific understanding of the constitutional framework for the protection of the Fatherland in the Russian Federation, in the possibility of using scientific conclusions and proposals contained in the dissertation further development constitutional and military law. The results of the study formulated on the basis of comprehensive analysis and generalization of scientific data and practice materials are intended to improve the legal regulation of relations arising in the field of the protection of the Fatherland.

Maintenance theoretical conclusions Studies can be used in the educational process in the preparation of the course of lectures on the constitutional law of Russia.

The dissertation research materials expand the constitutional legal grounds for further theoretical development in the field of the protection of the Fatherland and can serve as a basis for subsequent scientific research in this area.

Approbation of research results. Theoretical provisions, conclusions and recommendations of the thesis discussed and approved at meetings of the Department of Constitutional and International Law GOU VPO "Saratovskaya state Academy rights".

Separate provisions and research results are tested in speeches at international scientific and practical conferences: the VIII International Scientific and Practical Conference of Young Scientists "Traditions and Nodations in the System of Modern Russian Law" (Moscow, GOU VPO "Moscow State Legal Academy. OE Kutafina" , April 3-4, 2009); XVI International scientific Conference students, graduate students and young scientists "Lomonosov-2009" (Moscow, FGOU VPO "Moscow state University them. M.V. Lomonosov ", April 14-17, 2009).

The dissertation structure is due to the objectives and objectives of the study. Work consists of administration, two chapters, including seven paragraphs, conclusions and bibliographic list of sources used.

The conclusions formulated in the present work are a private methodological attempt to study the constitutional principles of the protection of the Fatherland in the Russian Federation; identifying trends and prospects for their development, including according to the Doctrine of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. The dissertation does not consider the exhausted this topic And the delicacy of the conclusions made to them. In place with that they can be useful during scientific developments Problems of sources of law, the legal status of the individual in Russia, as well as other constitutional rights and freedoms of man and citizen. A number of aspects of this topic can be the subject of scientific analysis not only in the constitutional law, but also from representatives of military, administrative law.

1. Legislative, regulatory acts and other officials

2. The Constitution of the Russian Federation: adopted by a popular vote on December 12, 1993 (taking into account the amendments made by the laws of the Russian Federation on amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation of 30. 12. 2008 No. 6-FKZ, from 30. 12. 2008. No. 7- FKZ) // Russian newspaper. 2009. January 21.

3. Federal Constitutional Law on the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation of July 21, 1994 No. 1-FKZ // SZ RF. 1994. No. 13. Art. 1447; 2001. No. 7. Art. 607; 2001. No. 51. Art. 4824; 2004. No. 24. Art. 2334; 2005. No. 15. Art. 1273; 2007. No. 7. Art. 829.

4. Federal Constitutional Law of February 26, 1997 No. 1-FKZ "On Commissioner for Human Rights in the Russian Federation" // SZ RF. 1997, No. 9. Art. 1011; 2006, No. 43. Art. 4411; 2008. No. 24. Art. 2788.

5. Federal Constitutional Law of May 30, 2001 No. Z-FZ "On Emergency" // SZ RF. 2001. No. 23. Art. 2277; 2003. № 27 (Part 1). Art. 2697; 2005. No. 10. Art. 753.

6. Federal Constitutional Law of January 30, 2002 No. 1-FKZ "On Military Position" // SZ RF. 2002. No. 5. Art. 375.

7. Federal Law of November 25, 1994 N 41-FZ "On ratifying an agreement between the Russian Federation and Turkmenistan on the settlement of issues of dual citizenship" // SZ RF. 1994. N 31. Art. 3192.

8. Federal Law of December 15, 1996 No. 152-ФЗ "On ratifying the Agreement between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan on the settlement of issues of dual citizenship" // SZ RF. №51. Art. 5683.

9. Federal Law of July 25, 2002 No. from FZ "On Alternative Civil Service" // SZ RF. 2002. No. 30. Art. 3030; 2004. No. 35. Art. 3607; 2006. No. 1. Art. 22; 2006. No. 29. Art. 3122.

10. Federal Law of May 27, 2003 No. 58-FZ "On System public service Of the Russian Federation "// SZ RF. 2003. N 22. Article 2063; 2003. No. 46 (Part 1). Art. 4437; 2006. No. 29. Art. 3123; 2007. № 49. Art. 6070.

11. Federal Law of March 6, 2006 No. 35-F3 "On Countering Terrorism" // SZ RF. 2006. No. 11. Art. 1146; 2006. No. 31 (Part 1). Art. 3452; 2008. No. 45. Art. 5149; 2009. No. 1. Art. 29.

12. Federal Law of November 24, 2008 No. 204-FZ "On the federal budget for 2009 and on the planning period of 2010 and 2011" // SZ RF. 2008. No. 48. Art. 5499; SZ RF. 2009. No. 1. Art. 32; 2009. No. 9. Art. 1041.

13. Resolution of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of June 6, 2001 No. 198-SF "On the results of the work" round Table."On the topic of the draft federal law" On the border areas of the Russian Federation "// SZ of the Russian Federation. 2001. No. 25. Art. 2531.

14. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 28, 1992 No. 1659 "On measures for social protection of military personnel, former military personnel and members of their families" // Meeting of the acts of the president and the government of the Russian Federation. 1993. No. 1. Art. one.

15. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 17, 1997 No. 1300 "On Approval of the Concept of National Security of the Russian Federation" // Russian newspaper. 1997. December 26; 2000. January 18.

16. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated April 21, 2000 No. 706 "On Approval of the Military Doctrine of the Russian Federation" // SZ RF. 2000. №17. Art. 1852.

17. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated August 8, 2000 No. 1463 "On approval of the Statute of the Order of St. George, the provisions on the sign of the difference between the St. George Cross and from the descriptions" // SZ RF. 2000. No. 35. Art. 3552; SZ RF. 2008. No. 33. Art. 3823.

18. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 29, 2001 No. 1510 "On additional measures to strengthen social protection of military personnel" // SZ RF. 2001. № 53 (Part 2). Art. 5152.

19. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 21, 2003 No. 793 "Questions of the organization of an alternative civil service" // SZ RF. 2003. No. 30. Art. 3044; 2004. No. 34. Art. 3538.

20. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated August 1, 2005 No. 887 "On measures to improve the material situation of persons with disabilities due to military injury" // SZ RF. 2005. No. 32. Art. 3271.

21. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 12, 2008 No. PR-1440 "On approval of the concept of foreign policy of the Russian Federation" // Document was not published. Contained in ATP "ConsultantPlus".

22. Message from the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of May 10, 2006 // Russian newspaper. 2006.11 May.

23. Message from the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of April 26, 2007 // Russian newspaper. 2007. April 27.

24. Message from the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of November 5, 2008 // Russian newspaper. 2008. November 6.

25. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 2, 1997 N 973 "On approval of the Regulation on the preparation for the transfer of information constituting the state secret, to other states" // SZ of the Russian Federation 1997.№ 32. Art. 3786.

26. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 282004 No. 256 "On approval of the procedure for the passage of alternative civil service" // SZ RF. 2004. No. 23. Art. 2309.

27. Decision of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 112005 No. 422 "On state Program "Patriotic upbringing of citizens of the Russian Federation for 2006-2010" "// SZ RF. 2005. No. 29. Art. 3064; SZ RF. 2006. No. 47. Art. 4907.

28. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 11, 2006 No. 663 "On approval of the Regulation on the call to the military service of the Russian Federation citizens" // SZ RF. 2006. No. 47. Art. 4894.

29. Order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation of April 28, 2008 No. 241 "On the establishment of the Commission of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian

30. Federation on the implementation of the Social Development Strategy of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation "// Military Railwayman. 2008. No. 19-20.

31. By order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation of August 2, 2008 No. 400 "On awarding the money of officers of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation" // Russian newspaper. 2008. August 22.

33. The Constitution of the USSR, approved by the Resolution of the Emergency VIII Congress of the Councils of the SSR Union of December 5, 1936 // News of the CEC of the USSR and the Central Bank. 1936. № 283.

34. The USSR Constitution was adopted at the extraordinary seventh session of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the Ninth convocation on October 7, 1977 // Vedomosti USSR Sun. 1977n41.ct.617.

35. Decree of Prince Peter Alekseevich dated March 1, 1711 No. 2326 "On a set of courtyard people, on the occasion of war with Turkey, from two third people to recruits" // A fuller meeting of the laws of the Russian Empire. T. 4. SPb, 1830. P. 640-641.

36. The Charter of Military of March 30, 1716 // Full collection Laws of the Russian Empire since 1649. T. 5. No. 3006. SPb. 1830. P. 205-206.

37. The Charter of the Rector dated June 28, 1831 // A complete meeting of the laws of the Russian Empire. T. 6. No. 4477. SPb., 1832. P. 501-502.

38. Manifesto on the introduction of universal military service of January 1, 1874 // A complete meeting of the laws of the Russian Empire since 1649. T. 49. № 52982. Branch first. St. Petersburg, 1876.

39. Declaration of the rights of workers and the exploited people of January 12, 1918 // Decorates of Soviet power. T. 1. M., 1957. P. 341-343.

40. Decree of the Council of People's Commissars dated January 15, 1918 // Assembly of the RSFSR, No. 17, 1918, Art. 245; Decree of the Council of People's Commissars dated February 14, 1918 // SU RSFSR, №28, Art. 325.

41. Decree of the Council of People's Commissars dated January 15, 1918 "On the Workers' and Peasant Red Army" // Assembly of the Council of RSFSR, №17, 1918, Art. 245.

42. Decree of the Council of People's Commissars dated February 21, 1918 // Decorates of Soviet power. T. 1. M., 1957. P. 490-491.

43. Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the Councils of Workers, Soldiers, Peasant and Cossack deputies of April 22, 1918 "On compulsory training of workers' military arts" // SU RSFSR. 1918. No. 33. Art. 443.

44. Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the Councils of Workers, Soldiers, Peasant and Cossack deputies dated May 29, 1918 "On the forced set in the working and peasant army" // SU RSFSR. 1918. №41. Art. 518.

45. Decree of the All-Russian Central Performing Committee of the Councils of Workers, Soldiers, Peasant and Cossack deputies dated April 26, 1918 "On the service life in Labor-peasant army"// SU RSFSR.1918. No. 33. Art. 445.

46. \u200b\u200bOrder People's Commissariat. For military affairs dated June 14, 1918 "On the procedure for admission to the military service of workers and peasants to be called on the basis of the decree of the Council of People's Commissars dated June 12, 1918" // SU RSFSR. 1918. No. 43. Art. 530.

47. Resolution of the Council of People's Commissars dated June 20, 1918 "On the rear militia" // SU RSFSR. 1918. No. 54. Art. 604.

48. Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and Council of People's Comisiversary of September 28, 1922 // SU RSFSR. 1922. №61. Art. 786.

49. Resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR and the Council of People's Comisurov from September 18, 1925 // SZ USSR. 1925. No. 62. Art. 462.

50. Resolution of the State Committee of Defense of September 17, 1941 "On Universal Mandatory Training of the Military Court of the USSR citizens" // Izvestia, 1941/19.

51. The USSR Law of October 12, 1967 "On the Universal Military Duty" // Vedomosti Supreme Soviet of the USSR. 1967. No. 42. Art. 552.

52. International regulatory legal acts

53. The Charter of the United Nations dated June 26, 1945 // A collection of existing treaties, agreements and conventions concluded by the USSR and foreign countries. Vol. XII. M., 1956. P. 14-47.

54. Universal Declaration of Human Rights of December 10, 1948 // Russian newspaper. 1995. April 5th.

55. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights of December 16, 1966 // Bulletin of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, N 12,1994.

56. The Hague Convention on the laws and customs of the land war of October 18, 1907 // Existing international law. T. 2.- M.: Moscow independent Institute international law, 1997. P. 575 -587. (Extraction).

57. The Geneva Convention on the improvement of the fate of the wounded and patients in the existing armies of August 12, 1949 // A collection of existing agreements, agreements and conventions concluded by the USSR with foreign countries. Vol. XVI. M., 1957. P. 71 100.

58. The Geneva Convention on the treatment of prisoners of 12 August 1949 // A collection of existing treaties, agreements and conventions concluded by the USSR with foreign countries. Vol. XVI.-M., 1957. P. 125-204.

59. Additional protocol To the Geneva Conventions of August 12, 1949, concerning the protection of victims of international armed conflicts (Protocol I) of June 8, 1977 // Collection of international treaties of the USSR. Vol. Hyu1. M., 1993. P. 134-182.

60. Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of November 4, 1950 // SZ RF. 1998. No. 20. Art. 2143.

61. The Convention on the Prohibition of the development, production, accumulation and application of chemical weapons and its destruction of January 13, 1993 // Assembly of the Legislation of the Russian Federation. February 9, 1998 N 6. Art. 682.

62. Convention of the Commonwealth of Independent States on the Rights and Basic Freedoms of Man dated May 26, 1995 // SZ RF. 1999. No. 13. Art. 1489.

63. Subscription materials

64. Resolution of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation of June 16, 1998 No. 19-P "In the case of the interpretation of certain provisions of articles 125, 126 and 127 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation" // SZ RF. 1998. No. 25. Art. 3004.