Construction technologies and secrets of rotation of the Shanghai Tower. Features of the foundation. Photos of different stages. Parameters of the highest building in Asia. Reminder for tourists. Shanghai Tower is a symbol of China's prosperity. What is the tallest building in Shanghai?

Construction of Shanghai Tower

The construction plan for the Shanghai Tower and all related documents were approved at the end of 1993, but tenders took place only in September 2006. In April 2008, the final design of the building, developed by the American architectural agency Gensler’s Design, was approved. In November of the same year, preparation of the site for the foundation began.

450 concrete mixers and 4 pumping stations were simultaneously working on it, thanks to which 60,000 cubic meters The concrete was poured in 63 hours. This time is recorded as a world record for the speed of preparation of a foundation of this scale.

The further pace of construction of the skyscraper is also impressive - it grew literally every day and was fully commissioned in 2015, the grand opening took place on May 17. Today, Shanghai Tower is the city's largest business center, as well as a shopping and entertainment complex open to tourists.

Design

All stages of construction and structural fragments meet green building standards, the main goal of which is the most economical and environmentally sound construction and operation of buildings. For example, the unique spiral shape of the tower not only gives it an unusually elegant appearance, but is also the key to increased wind resistance, which helped to significantly save building materials.

For the purpose of energy autonomy, 270 wind turbines and the most powerful diesel generator in Asia are installed on the upper floors, and collected rainwater is used for heating.

Shanghai Tower has high level landscaping – 33%. At the junctions of fragments of the internal cylindrical frame, which visually divide the building into 9 zones, luxurious gardens are laid out along the entire perimeter.

Video: Russian roofers climbed the Shanghai Tower

Infrastructure

The creators of this unique landmark call their creation a full-fledged city. The tower is provided with everything necessary for autonomous existence: energy independence, its own transport hub, extensive infrastructure.

The Shanghai skyscraper consists of 125 floors, which is almost 570,000 m², sold under:

• offices of various Chinese firms and international corporations (220,000 m²);
• shops and retail boutiques in which any tourist will find goods to his liking (50,000 m²),
• banquet halls and exhibition centers, regularly delighting visitors with new exhibitions (10,000 m²);
• a luxurious five-star hotel capable of satisfying even the whims of royalty (80,000 m²);
• a panoramic platform for tourists, which offers a breathtaking view of the whole of Shanghai (4,000 m²) and much more.

Three excursion elevators, which are currently the fastest in the world, help guests and employees move quickly and comfortably around the super-tall building: their speed is almost 18 m/s, which means you can get to the top of the skyscraper in less than a minute.

Panorama of Shanghai

Entertainment

China's tallest skyscraper should definitely be included in the schedule of a tourist planning a trip to Shanghai. Walking through the tower, you can not only admire the high-tech creation of human hands, but also:

• taste delicious Chinese cuisine and at the same time enjoy a beautiful view of the city in the panoramic restaurant located on the 120th floor (about 557 m above the ground);
• plunge into the azure waters of the pool at an altitude of almost 400 m;
• tickle your nerves while walking on a glass floor at a height of 470 meters;
• look into the museum on the 37th floor, where you can get acquainted with antique ceramics, wax sculptures, precious relics and other works of art;
• visit all kinds of exhibitions, excursions or just go shopping.

How to get there

Getting to this colorful attraction is not difficult: you just need to take metro line 2 (green line) to Lujiazui station, which is located directly under the Shanghai Tower.

Planned a trip to major cities China, from Hong Kong to Shanghai. The main purpose of our trip was the tallest construction site in the world, the Shanghai Tower, which is currently under construction; at the moment its height, together with the crane boom, reaches just over 650 meters, which makes the tower the second tallest structure in the world, after the Burj Khalifa in the UAE.

Knowing about the very strict laws in China, we carefully prepared and chose a suitable date, Chinese New Year. During the time when security was less vigilant, workers were absent and the cranes did not work. We made our way to the crane around midnight, climbed 120 floors on foot for almost 2 hours, and slept at the construction site for almost 18 hours waiting for good weather. You can see what came out of this in a new video clip.

Hello everyone! I want to dilute the two-month-long silence in this livejournal with my post. Several months ago Vadim and I had planned a trip along Chinese biggest cities, from Hong Kong to Shanghai. The main purpose of the journey was world’s highest construction building – Shanghai tower. Now it is under construction and so far its height is a little more than 650 meters. So now it is the world’s second high building after Burj Khalifa in UAE.

Aware of the strict Chinese law, we prepared carefully and picked an appropriate date, the Chinese New Year day. At that time the security was less watchful, workers were on vacations, and cranes did not work. We got to the crane at around midnight. It took us almost two hours to get on the 120th floor by foot. And also, we spend almost 18 hours on top of the building, sleeping and waiting for better weather. The result you can see in our new video.

1. Low clouds begin to gather over the city. / Low clouds are covering the city.

2. JinMao Tower and Shanghai Financial Center, popularly known as the "Opener". / JinMao tower and Shanghai Financial Center, people call it "The
bottle opener".

3. By dawn, the clouds became even denser, and the city was completely covered. / By sunrise clouds were even thicker, and the city ​​was completely covered.

4. Just to compare, a tower on the left is 421 meters high, and the
right one is 490 m.

5. One of the main goals of climbing the tower was to shoot a video, since there was low cloudiness in the city, it was decided to sit on the top floors of the construction site and wait it out. / One – and the main purpose of our climbing was making the video.
Since it was cloudy, we decided to wait in one of top floors until the
weather gets better.

6. An hour before dawn, the clouds parted and we climbed up. / An hour before sunrise the clouds disappeared, and we headed on top.

7. Photo of me, authorship: dedmaxopka / A picture of me by dedmaxopka

8. 650 meters. / 650 meters.

9.

10.

11.

12.

Thus ended Shanghai. In the near future you will find a huge amount of interesting material from China. Stay tuned! / That was the end of our Shanghai trip. Soon you will see a lot of
exciting content from China. Stay tuned!

Shanghai, once a small fishing village at the mouth of the Yangtze River, is today a huge metropolis and considered one of the most densely populated cities in the world. Its architecture combines centuries-old national traditions and modern technologies. Special role care about environment and energy saving.

The new Pudong district contains office buildings and interesting attractions, which in themselves have become symbols of the city. Shanghai Tower is the second tallest skyscraper in the world. Burj Khalifa in the UAE is still in first place.

The height of the Shanghai Tower is 632 meters.

Floors of Shanghai Tower

Shanghai Tower is owned by Yeti Construction and Development. Following her order, in the fall of 2008, contractors began laying the foundation for its foundation. By the end of the summer of 2013, builders reached the upper floors, but only four years later the official opening of the observation deck for tourists took place.

The offices of large Chinese and foreign companies are located inside. Here you can visit various shops and boutiques, hotels, bars, restaurants, a spa center, a fitness club, a swimming pool, concert and exhibition halls, and observation decks on the 118th, 119th and 121st floors. The lower underground levels are for the entrance to the tour area (B1), Lujiazui subway station (B2) and parking (B1-B5).

The number of above-ground floors in the Shanghai Tower is 128, and underground - 5.

Conventional elevators would not have been able to cope with so many floors and the flow of people, so the project included two high-speed elevators, which are considered the second in the world. They move at a speed of 20.5 meters per second.

Shanghai Tower has a unique structure designed by architect Jun Xia. It has the ability to collect rainwater, which is later used for household needs. The gradually twisting shape of the skyscraper helps reduce wind loads. This design saved the builders significantly in materials and more than fifty million dollars.

The total area of ​​the building is 380,000 square meters.

At the top of the skyscraper there are wind turbines that generate electricity. Even glass on the building's façade reduces the load on cooling and heating systems that rely on geothermal energy to operate. Undoubtedly, the Shanghai Tower is a masterpiece of engineering and an example of the rational use of natural resources.

Observation deck at Shanghai Tower

What attracts tourists most to the Shanghai Tower is the opportunity to get to the highest in the world observation deck, located at a level of 562 meters. It is closed with large panoramic windows. Its inspection begins with a short excursion telling about the architectural design of the skyscraper project and its comparison with other tall buildings in the world.

For this purpose, a layout and a screen with broadcast are installed here multimedia presentation. It is best to visit the site on sunny days, because in cloudy weather there is little to see there. Also on the upper floors there are cafes and souvenir shops where things with the image of the tower are sold. The view from Shanghai Tower overlooks the city center. It is especially beautiful here before sunset, when you can see the metropolis in the rays of the setting sun and at night illumination.

Prices in 2020

Ticket offices for the observation deck are located on the street in front of the entrance to the skyscraper. At times it accumulates there large number If you want to admire the views of Shanghai, you will have to stand in a rather long line. If you want to go upstairs without waiting, there is a special Fastpass for 360 RMB.

The standard cost of visiting varies depending on the age of the guest. The ticket price for adults is 180 RMB, for students - 120 RMB. Children from 1 to 1.4 meters tall cost 90 RMB, and those below one meter are free. Guide services are paid additionally. One hour excursion English will cost 600 RMB per group.

How to get there

Shanghai Tower is located in the business district of Pudong and has a very developed transport network. To get there you can use the metro, elevated public transport or car. Bicycle rental is also widespread in Shanghai, for which there are dedicated lanes on the roads. To find the tower, the reference point is the embankment on the right bank of the Huangpu River.

Metro

The Shanghai Metro has seventeen lines. Lujiazui Station, the entrance to which is located on the bottom floor of the skyscraper, is on the second line. In the diagram it is indicated in light green.

Buses

Many buses stop on the streets adjacent to the Shanghai Tower, connecting different areas of the city. Bus stops are located on the side:

• Huayuanshiqiao Rd - routes No. 583, 799, 939;
• Lujiazui Ring Rd - routes no. 791, 870, 961, 985.

Automobile

The distance from Pudong Airport to Shanghai Tower is 42 kilometers. Depending on traffic jams, it will take 40 minutes to get there. You should move in a northwest direction towards the Huangpu River.

Taxi

Tourists who want to move around Shanghai comfortably use taxi services. You can stop the car right on the streets by raising your hand, or call through the hotel staff. Qiangsheng's orange taxis are very popular. The cost of the trip is from 12 June.

A tower city will be built in China, in which 100 thousand people will live. The structure, created according to the laws of future architecture and imitating natural structures, will be able to withstand fire, flood, earthquake and hurricane. The authors of the project are the Spaniards Maria Rosa Cervera and Javier Pioz. Javier was an adherent of the doctrine of bionics. Proponents of bionics believe that every natural creature, be it a tree or a bird, is an optimized structure in terms of survival and functionality.

There are no homogeneous materials in nature: if you look at a tree more closely, you can see that it does not consist of a single monolith: it changes as it grows, the outer layers have a completely different density than the inner ones, the branches near the ground have a different structure than the top ones, and root system constantly changing. What's at home? Bricks are lifeless, monotonous, fragile and ugly.

The fruit of the search was the concept of a “Bionic structure”, as well as unique project called "Vertical Bionic Tower City". In 1997, the project was first presented to the public at the 3rd international conference on high-rise buildings, which took place in London. From 1997 to 2001, the architects traveled the world with their project, giving presentations and lectures in Asia, Europe and America. As a result, the first country that decided to conclude a contract was China, which, by the way, lately turns out to be a springboard for many futurological and very promising projects.

The base of the tower will be placed in an artificial lake and connected to the "continent"

By the way, it took about seven years to develop and calculate the entire project. Shanghai was chosen for the experiment, the population of which, according to the most conservative estimates, will reach 30 million people in a couple of decades. It is possible that in this colossal metropolis, in 50 years, several similar buildings will be built. A few numbers.

The height of the tower is more than a kilometer (1228 meters), 300 floors. The total area is 2 million square meters, about 400 horizontal and vertical elevators, the speed of which is 15 m/s, that is, you can go from the first to the top floor in an average of 2 minutes. The diameter of the tower, which has the shape of a cypress tree, at its widest point is 166 by 133 meters, at the base - 133 by 100. The city will rest on an artificial flat island placed in an artificial lake. The artificial island at the base will be 1 km in diameter, and the lake is designed to absorb tremors.

Pioz says: “We borrowed the mechanism of growth, or rather, height gain, from trees. In cypress first of all. Its green part consists of small scaly membranes through which wind of any strength passes, but it does not move. Its root system is buried only 50 centimeters, but is incredibly branched and resembles a sponge in its structure. With each new centimeter of the trunk, a new root shoot appears, moving slightly to the side of the existing one. Try to knock down or uproot a cypress - it will take incredible effort.”

Model of the "root system" of the cypress city

In total, the tower will have 12 vertical blocks, on average 80 meters in height each, and between them there will be support floors, which will become a kind of supporting structure for each next level block.

The houses in it are naturally of different heights, surrounded by vertical gardens, and people will move around it with a full sense of external space thanks to light and air.

There will be an artificial lake in the middle of each block, and there will be two types of houses: external and internal. The aluminum “accordion” will also be used in the construction of a pile foundation, resting on the ground and barely buried in it, and increasing its “root system” as it gains height. In the same way, new roots grow on a tree. The higher the tower, the stronger the foundation becomes: it “breathes” without being compressed.

The outside of the building will be covered with a special breathable plastic material that will imitate leather or bark. Air conditioning systems that will create an urban microclimate will remind you of the heat-regulating function of the skin.

Settlement will occur gradually - as the “neighborhoods” are built

Let's try to assess, firstly, the reality of the project, and, secondly, the obstacles that await it. As for “seriousness,” the company “Servera and Pioz” designed the American Citibank, the Madrid City Hall, the Polytechnic Institute and the Bank of Moscow.

Plus the 50 companies involved and 20 years of experience in architecture, as well as government support (both in Spain and China) mean complete carte blanche for the project. Add to this the hidden adventurism and ambitions of the Chinese and seven years of work on designing just one building. Everything is serious and, as they say, “no fools.”

It seems that everything is very serious. However, there are voices that are already whispering that this is nothing other than the Tower of Babel - a harbinger of the Apocalypse.

The skyscraper is second in height only to the Burj Khalifa in Dubai (828 m). The color of the building changes depending on the time of day, and the elevators reach the top in a minute. On 120 floors there was a restaurant, a concert hall, a club, boutiques, offices and the world's tallest hotel of the Four Season chain.

The tower was recognized as the best in the “Project of the Year” category at the American Architectural Awards (AAP). Experts assessed the objects in terms of their functionality, form and technological component. Below, based on these points, we analyze the Shanghai Tower.

Form as a new word in engineering

The authors chose for the complex complex shape to reduce wind loads by 21%, the result is a skyscraper that resembles a wave. It is twisted around its own axis by 120 degrees. It was this rotation that showed optimal values ​​during wind tunnel tests. In addition, this form saved about 25% of steel and reduced costs by $58 million.

Functionality as a constant of public space

The structure is supported by a double shell of glass facades that conceal the body of the building, divided into 9 vertical blocks. Each is designed around one of the "air lobbies" - spacious atriums with plants and natural light. The double facade serves as a shield against sandstorms, and the air conditioning system uses rainwater.

Blocks play a role public spaces, which offer the usual “points of attraction” for a city dweller - a museum, a cultural center, an entertainment complex, shops, and panoramic platforms. Thanks to this system, the complex operates as a vertical multifunctional center.

The authors compare the double shell to a thermos, which serves as a buffer and normalizes the microclimate inside public spaces

Technology as part of aesthetics

At total area 576 thousand sq. m Shanghai Tower does not require high energy consumption. The building does not overheat even in summer - a third of the total area is occupied by green oases that cool the air. Heating for the lower floors is provided by special wind turbines on the façade. As a result of the implemented solutions, the carbon footprint of the skyscraper was reduced by 34,000 tons per year. Another feature of the building is high-speed elevators. There are 106 of them at different levels, and the three main ones rise to a height of 578 meters, more than the Burj Khalifa.

In the ranking of the 20 tallest skyscrapers in the world, Shanghai Tower ranks second. You can enlarge the diagram by clicking on the image

It took Gensler 7 years to complete the project. Architects, in which they talked about all stages of construction. Separately, in an 18-page report, the authors describe the design and details of the facades. And the Discovery Channel made a program in which it collected interviews, records and interesting facts about the skyscraper: