Alternating growth growth. The spelling of the roots is rast, rasch, ros. Yasnogorsk district, Tula region

grow or rise

The word "grow" is written with the letter "a" - grow .

You can get confused in the spelling of this word because there is a word “growth”, in which after the letter “r” you can clearly hear “o”.

Word writing rule

When the question arises, how to “ grow" or " grow“, you need to remember the rule “Spelling roots with alternating vowels.” In the roots -ros-, -rast-, -rasch- the letters “o” and “a” alternate. Before the letter "c" is written "o": grew up, shoots, sprouted, etc..

Before the combination “st” and before the letter “u” the letter “a” is written: grow, plant, grows, etc.

The proper names “Rostov” and “Rostislav”, the words “rostok”, “usurer”, “industry” are exceptions to this rule. Their spelling must be remembered.

In common parlance, the words “grow” and “grow” are sometimes found, which are used in relation to pets or children. They cannot be used in normative vocabulary.

It's correct to say " grow », « grow up ».

Examples

• In spring the trees begin grow young leaves.
• « Grow “Hurry up, baby, when you grow up, you’ll go to sea with us,” said captain Pashke.
• Grow , braid, to the waist.
• Needed constantly grow , develop to become a real professional.
• For the wheat to begin grow , she needs enough light, moisture and warmth

Do you know...

Which option is correct?
(according to last week’s statistics, only 74% answered correctly)

One of the most complex spelling patterns in the Russian language is the unstressed alternating vowel at the root. For example, the words "plants", "growth", "grown" and "grew" have the same root, but are spelled differently. What determines the choice of “a” or “o” in the roots “rast”, “rasch” and “ros”?

Spelling type

Unstressed vowels in the root are of three types: checked, unchecked and alternating.

When faced with an unstressed vowel being tested in the root, it is enough to choose a test word in which this letter will be stressed. Such words are not selected for those who cannot be verified, so the correct spelling can only be learned. Cases with alternation are especially important to remember, since trying to determine a vowel using cognates can lead to an incorrect result.

The spelling in the roots “rast”, “ros” and “rasch” belongs to this type.

Rule

The correct vowel can be chosen based on the type of root: the letter “a” is written before “st” and “u”, and “o” is placed before “s”: to germinate, overgrow, grow, build up, thickets, sprouted.

Naturally, in the roots “rast” and “ros”, under the stress, you need to write the vowel that is heard, as, for example, in the word “rost”.

Exceptions

In the case of the root “rasch” the rule is always followed, but for the roots “rast” and “ros” there are exceptions.

In a few words with the root “growth”, it is always written “o”: rostok, usurer, Rostov, Rostislav, for growth. All words formed from data are also written with an “o”.

For example, “usury” is formed from “usurer” using the suffix “estv”, so the root vowel is “o”. The noun "sprout" is obtained by adding the suffix "ek" to "sprout", therefore, in this case we write "o".

The exception with the root “race” is the word “industry” and all its derivatives. For example, the adjective “interbranch”, formed in a prefix-suffix way.

Thus, to correctly select the vowel in the roots “rast” and “ros”, you just need to remember a simple rule and exception words.

Municipal educational institution Saraninskaya secondary school

Russian language lesson in 5th grade

using ICT

on the topic " Spelling of roots rast/ rasch/ ros".

Lesson type: learning a new topic.

1. Teach students to use the method of action when choosing vowels

o - and in the roots grow/grow/grow.

2. To form the cognitive interest of students through various forms educational activities.

I. Organizational stage.

On the board (possibly on an interactive one) words with missing vowels are written to spell the roots lag/lozh: ad..give, shift..live, sl..give, prod..give, region..lived, impose..give. must..live. exc..live. offer... sl..live.

Assignment: Write the words in two columns. Checking by columns.

- What morphemes contain spelling patterns?

— Tell us the rule for spelling the roots lag/lozh.

III. Learning a new topic.

Today we will continue our acquaintance with the most important morpheme of a word - the root.

The topic of our lesson is “ Spelling of roots rast/rasch/ros " Think about what problem we are facing?

As always, Princess Spelling, who lives in the country of Linguistics, is in a hurry to help us. The princess invites us on a difficult journey of discovery, during which we will be able to reveal one of the many secrets of the Russian language.

Well, do you agree to become pioneers?

So, Spelling gave us an encrypted letter. If we manage to solve it, then the secret of alternating vowels in the roots rast/rasch/ros will be revealed to us. This is the letter. Let's look at it carefully:

RA ST and you SCH imprisoned ROS Lee No. 13

Exceptions: industry, sprout

Questions and tasks for students:

- What morpheme is the spelling in?

— What vowels are written in the roots?

- Choose words with these roots (written on the board).

- Who guessed in which case the vowel a is written, in which - o?

— How can we check whether we deciphered the letter correctly?

Open the textbooks and read the rule on page 178.

A table is posted on the rule.

- What conclusion can be drawn?

IV . Identifying the purpose of the lesson.

We have become familiar with the rule.

-What problem is facing us now?

— What goal should we achieve in the lesson?

V. Training exercises.

1. Teamwork.

Each student goes to the board, writes down a word as the teacher dictates it, identifies the spelling according to the model in the table and explains the spelling of the root vowel: plant, grew, grows, branch, growing, grew, grew, grows, thickets, growth, outgrown, grown, overgrown, fusion, will sprout.

Conclusion: what determines the spelling of alternating vowels o-a in the roots of words?

2. Exercise 437 on your own.

Checking using signal cards.

Conclusion: what rule did you use when performing the exercise?

3. The exercise is performed on a computer. This task is offered to us by Princess Spelling: insert the desired version of the root, highlight the alternating vowel.

Trees quickly you. sli.

Vz. young flower.

Children over the summer under. whether.

Under. There is fresh grass.

Roses from the greenhouse.

Small green...ok.

(Checked by the teacher after the lesson or during the test)

Conclusion: in which roots is the vowel a, in which – o?

Tell the rule according to the table.

VI. Test work using matrices. The words are written on the board.

Task: write only the letter a under the corresponding numbers

Spelling of roots -lag-, -lozh-, rast-, -rasch-, -ros-

Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan

KSU school - gymnasium No. 103

in Russian

"Spelling of alternating vowels O-A

teacher of Russian language and literature

school-gymnasium No. 103

Open lesson on Russian language in 5th grade

Lesson topic: “Spelling of alternating vowels a-o in the roots –lag-, -lozh-, - rast- (- rasch-), -ros-”

1. Introduce students to the spelling of alternating vowels A//O in the roots –lag- -lozh- rast-(- rasch-) -ros-;

2. Develop the ability to reason when choosing an alternating vowel at the root

3. Be able to correctly write words with the specified spelling.

Before the start of the lesson, students are divided into two groups, and a coordinator is selected in each group.

Students are given grades after completing each task in the form of a daisy petal: 5 - red, 4 - yellow, 3 - green. At the end of the lesson, the results are summed up. Whichever color is greater is what the team gets.

Teacher's opening speech.

Vocabulary - spelling work: “Guess the word”

V...t...ran, v...trina, te...itoria, mi...ion, hello..., v...n...gret, profession...ia, r...mashka, p...stuh.

2. Insert the missing letters and explain the spelling.

By what principle are the words distributed in two columns?

3. Working with a table

Guys, what types of roots with an unstressed vowel do you know? Fill out the table.

Write down the sentence and find the main members of the sentence

The tourist camp was located in a beautiful forest.

Find a word in the sentence with an alternating vowel (located)

Parse the word arranged according to its composition

Change the word so that the root is -lozh- (located)

What will we talk about in class today?

4. We observe: what does writing depend on?( work in groups )

Offer – offer to live grow – grow

The term - to add a plant - a bush

Adjective – application of growth – grew up

Students and the teacher formulate a rule.

After which, the coordinators of each group move to another group and explain the rule.

5. Application. Formation of skills and abilities.

(Work is carried out in groups)

Insert the missing letters and explain the spelling.

Rewrite the text. Insert the missing letters and explain the spelling.

We'll be a hundred years old without getting old. 2.Shadows lay…living along the dusty road. 3. Before going to bed, you should brush your teeth. 4. Porters offered their services to passengers. 5. I’m tall, sticky, thin and flexible. 6. Cultivated plants are grown in gardens and vegetable gardens. 7. Express your thoughts clearly and distinctly.

1. Tell us about the spelling of unstressed vowels at the root of the word. What groups are they divided into?

2. Tell us about the spelling of unstressed checked vowels at the root of the word.

3. Tell us about the spelling of unstressed unchecked vowels at the root of the word.

4. Tell us about the spelling of unstressed alternating vowels at the root of the word:

— Spelling LAG – FALSE.

— Spelling GROWTH - GROWTH - GROWTH.

Giving scores to teams.

7. Reflection stage

Guys, now I’ll ask you to create a “mood daisy”. If you are in a great mood and you really liked the lesson, then attach green petal, if the mood has not changed during this time, then attach blue petal, if the mood has become worse, then red, and if you find it difficult then white.

Thanks for the lesson.

This development has been prepared taking into account age characteristics children. The tasks are selected in such a way that the teacher only guides his students. Students conduct their own research work, create a concept map based on a given spelling. All this contributes to the development of students critical thinking, mutual assessment, self-assessment and mutual learning.

• Dorofeychik Oksana Ivanovna
• 17.05.2015

Material number: 286302

Certificate of publication of this material the author can download it in the “Achievements” section of his website.



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Letters “O and A” in roots with alternating -rast-, -rasch-, -ros-

Goals and objectives:

• consolidate the rule of spelling roots -rast-, -rasch-, -ros-; repeat the spelling of the roots –lag-, -lozh-; spelling of roots with verified and unchecked unstressed vowel; develop the ability to find words with a studied spelling, the skill of writing words with specified roots;
• develop students’ memory and thinking, coherent speech skills;
• cultivate a love of nature and interest in the Russian language.

Equipment:

• Laptop.
• Multimedia projector.
• Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation ( Appendix 1)
• Textbook “Russian language grade 5” by T.A. Ladyzhenskaya and others.
• Individual cards with multi-level tasks.

Lesson progress

1. Organizational moment.

“Soon the snow will melt, the rivers will be free of ice, and boats will be able to sail.” Today we will again go to the Land of Words to visit the well-known Sovunya and take a river trip with her. During the trip, we will review roots with an alternating vowel and the spelling of roots with an unstressed vowel. (slide 1)

2. Checking homework.

— Before we set off, let’s check that we have completed everything at home.

Homework is checked at different levels.

• 1 group students perform independent work on the card according to the words from homework: write down in columns words with an alternating vowel in the root and words with an unstressed vowel in the root.
• 2nd group students insert the missing vowels in the same roots on the card.

Then a joint check is carried out.

Oral survey:

— What spellings did you work on?

— What determines the spelling of vowels in the roots –lag-, -lozh-? In the roots -grow-, -grow-, -grew-?

— How to check an unstressed vowel at the root of a word?

— Is it possible to check roots with alternating vowel stress? Why?

3. Consolidation.

1) -We are going on a journey along the Grammar River. Notice how clear the water is. What plants can be seen at the bottom? (slide 2)

— What roots are found in this word?

— Insert the letters and explain their spelling (on the interactive board).

- Make up and write down a sentence with this word.

(In clear water you can see algae thickets.)

—What grows along the banks of the river? (slide 3)

- Pay attention to how the word is spelled cattail. Explain the spelling in the word reed

(Tall reeds grow near the shore.)

- What root with an alternating vowel did we come across? Explain its spelling.

2) - After we looked into the depths of the river and examined the banks, now let’s look around.

— What grows on the shore? (slide 4)

Look how beautiful the apple tree has grown. The sun warms it, and the apples on it ripen. And how they keep up, we will read about this in the poem “Apple Tree” (slide 5).

A student reads a poem.

R_sti, r_sti apple tree
Come on!
Blossom, blossom apple tree
Bloom!
Golden sun,
Gray hotter!
Grow some apples
Hurry up!
R_sla, r_sla apple tree
Pod_sla.
Blossom, blossom apple tree
Father
The apple tree tore off
Your outfit
And the apples ripened
For the guys.

— Insert the missing letters and commas, explain the spelling.

- Write down only those sentences where there are roots with an alternating vowel. Select them and indicate the spelling.

3) — We admired the apple tree, now we can sail further. The sun is shining brightly. What is that glittering on the shore in the waves? (slide 6)

“And there’s a letter hidden in the bottle.” I wonder what's in this letter? (slide 7)

- This is a letter from the guys. Let's read it.

We have a garden in our yard. He was raised by the kids in our house. At first the yard was bad. Only barely noticeable grass grew near the fence. Then we planted trees and flowers and began to grow them.

The first shoots appeared. We protected every plant. Flowers grew before our eyes. The trees grew noticeably. Our yard has become green, and the garden is growing and becoming prettier.

- Indeed, to grow nice garden, you have to work hard. And to remember how to do this, we will work with the text.

-Where was the kindergarten? Who raised him?

—What did the yard look like at first?

— What did the guys do to change the yard?

— How did the garden grow?

— Find words that contain roots with an alternating vowel. Name the roots.

(grown, grew, grow, sprouts, plant, grew, grew up, growing)

- Let’s read the text again and retell it, remembering where each word is.

- But these are not simple stones, but grammatical ones. Under every stone there is a word.

- Distribute these words into 2 columns: roots with an alternating vowel and roots with an unstressed vowel.

(bank, laid, current, river, grows, settle down, garden, grew)

- Let's check if we distributed the words correctly.

5) The stones have been removed, you can go home. Look, Sovunya is meeting us. (slide 9). She wants to ask something.

4. Lesson summary.

— What spelling obstacles did you encounter today? Is it possible to check the alternating vowel at the root of a word by stress?

xn--i1abbnckbmcl9fb.xn--p1ai

Lesson topic: Spelling the roots rast, rasch, ros

Lesson topic: Spelling the roots RAST, RASCH, ROS

Goal: 1. developing the skill of spelling roots -rast, -rasch, -ros

2. development of students' research competence;

3. fostering respect for nature;

1. Today in the lesson we will continue to work on spelling roots with alternating vowels O - A. Let's try together to determine the topic of the lesson.

- Look at the screen and say what they mean question marks on the diagram?

(Unstressed vowels are fundamentally divided into 3 groups: 1-checked, 2-unchecked, 3-alternating)

— ^ What do you need to remember to correctly write unstressed vowels of groups 1,2,3?

2. Read the text expressively:

All the attractiveness of the earth lies in the animals and flora. Fresh grass on the lawns, a poplar under the window, a flock of jackdaws hovering near TV antennas over the roofs of houses - is this a background or part of our life? Attention to arriving birds, to a flowering meadow, to the sprouts of a planted grove 2 , to the reeds growing along the lake - source 2 interest and love for them, a guarantee of mutual joy of nature and man.

— Determine the topic of the text. Title the text. During the lesson we will refer to the text.

3. - Now, using punch cards, write out words with unstressed vowels from the text, distributing them into 3 columns

4. - So, let's turn to words with alternating vowels O-A. Take a careful look at the words in this column and tell me which root spellings we will talk about today in class?

— ^What are these roots called and why?

(Roots are written in words whose meaning is associated with growth, development, i.e. with life)

— Formulate the topic of the lesson. Grammar. Speech.

5. — What determines the spelling of vowels O — A in roots? Prepared for the lesson research project, which will answer this question.

Project “Spelling roots with alternating vowels O – A in the root”

1. We have prepared a research project “Spelling roots with alternating vowels O - A in the root.”

2.The creative name of the project is “Roots of Life”.

3. The goal of our project is to learn how to correctly write the roots -RAST-, -RASH-, -ROS-, in which the vowels O-A alternate.

4. We put forward a hypothesis. Let us explain the meaning of the word HYPOTHESIS.

A HYPOTHESIS is an assumption put forward to explain some phenomena. What is our hypothesis?

• If spelling is commanded by the consonants ST and Ш, then A is written at the root.
• If the consonants ST and Ш are absent at the root, then O is written.

5. We know that roots with alternating vowels O –A can be commanded by:

• Suffix A (roots KOS-KAS, LAG-LOZH)
• Accent (roots ZOR-ZAR, GOR-GAR)
• Meaning (roots ROVN-RAVN, MAK-MOK)

And who commands the roots of RAST - RASCH, -ROS?

We conducted a study: we selected texts, determined the range of words with which we would work, and monitored their writing. It turned out that in words with these roots neither the suffix A, nor the stress, nor the meaning play a role. All that remained was to pay attention to the consonants at the root.

6. We know about such a linguistic phenomenon as alternation of consonants. The combination of ST alternates with SH. The proof of this position is presented on the screen:

This means that in the root RASCH, just like in the root RAST, A is written.

7. To find out whether all of our classmates can distinguish the root RAST from the prefix RAS and the root starting with the letter T, we selected examples, wrote them down randomly, printed cards for each student and asked them to distribute the words in two columns.

In the diagram you can see how you completed the task:

• Didn’t complete the task - 15% or 3 people out of 28
• Completed the task with 1 error - 42% or 11 people
• Completed the task without errors - 53% or 14 people

8. Where can we find words with the root of life? In nature, in the forest, these words are also connected with human life. The roots of life are called the roots RAST, RASCH, ROS, since they are present in words associated with growth, with life, with development.

9. The results of our research were the creation business card roots. We give it to each of those present in the lesson as a reminder, a hint.

In addition, the school will host a scientific and practical conference, where we will present our project.

6. - Let's check how carefully you listened to the speech and whether you remembered when A is written in the roots and when O. Before you is a crossword puzzle. Fill in the missing letters in the crossword words

lib2.podelise.ru

Lesson: Spelling the letters a, o in the root – rast, – rash, – ros.

Hurry up to take advantage of discounts of up to 50% on Infourok courses

Prepared and conducted:

DOSH I - III levels No. 88

Subject : Spelling letters a, o at the root - grow, - grow, - grew.

Goals: introduce the conditions for choosing the letters a-o in roots; develop the ability to find and highlight spellings with alternating a-o; develop memory, skills research activities, cultivate interest in the Russian language

Lesson type: lesson in learning new material

I'm glad to meet you again
I'm interested in you, friends!
Your answers are interesting
I listen with pleasure.
Today we will watch
Draw conclusions and reason.
And so that the lesson benefits everyone,
Get actively involved in the work, my friend!

2.Updating basic knowledge

— What is the name of the system of rules that establish uniform ways of transmitting speech in writing? (Spelling)

- What is a spelling? (Writing a word according to spelling rules)

- What spelling did we learn about in the last lesson? (Spelling of letters a, o in roots –kas-, -kos-; -lag-, -log-)

- When to write a letter A and when O? (at the root with alternation –kas-, -kos-; -lag-, -log- in an unstressed position it is written A , if after the root there is a suffix a, and O , if there is no suffix)

2.2 Checking homework

Two students hand over their notebooks for checking, the rest check together with the class “in a chain”

A) Exercise 252 (p. 142)

- What rule helped us perform this exercise correctly? (spelling ь and ъ)

— When to put ъ, and when ь? (ъ put before e, e, yu, i after prefixes that end in a consonant; ь is written after consonants, before vowels e, e, yu, i in other cases)

Exercise : Write down the phrase, inserting a word that suits its meaning. In the inserted words, highlight the root and explain the spelling of the roots.

Paste where needed ъ or ь. Explain usage graphically ъ

Announce...announce a new...to the magazine; present serious demands in writing; once...clarify errors when.... numbers; under…go to…. squad.

Words for reference: addition, application, arrangement, presentation

Announce(set ъ prefix about- ends in a consonant b before e, e, yu, I, root -I'm in-)about the new application (root – false) to the magazine; present(prefix pre- ends in a consonant d before e, e, yu, i put ъ) to written presentation (root -false-) serious (we put b, pred e, e, yu, i because it is at the root of the word seriously-) requirements; explain(put ъ because prefix once- ends in acc. before e, e, yu, i) errors during addition (root -false-); drive up (we set ъ; prefix under- ends with a consonant before e, e, yu, i) to location(root -false-) squad

B) exercise 256

Write down the phrases, inserting the missing letters, graphically explain your choice

Izl O living (-false-) is the essence of the issue, this is not for you A touches (-concerns-), sl O zhi(-false-) two numbers, k O woke up(-kos-) interesting topic, point to A sania(-kas-), howled O lived (-bed-) products from the bag, hall O lived(-log-) property, sum of two words A heated(-lag-), floor O put the books in place, not on the floor A screw up (-lag-) in case, easy trick O dream (-kos-), not a problem A get involved with other people's things, to A touch the ground with your feet, point of contact O dreams(-kos-)

Write down the number great job, leave one line empty for writing the topic of the lesson, we will write it down a little later. Two students do the work at the board, the rest in their notebooks.

Exercise: write down the words, highlight the studied spelling

Assume, must...live, addition, expression, to...dream, express, clause, ad...dream, unapproachable, approach, proposal, presupposed, ex... live, prl...gat, position...touch, touch...sanie, adjective.

- Exchange notebooks, take red paste and let's check together. (One student comments on the assessment.)

3.Learning new material

3.1 Announcement of the topic and objectives of the lesson

— Today we continue our journey to the country of Spelling and get acquainted with a new spelling. Look at the topic of our lesson (the teacher attaches it to the board, written on a separate sheet of paper) write it down in your notebooks.

- What do you think is the purpose of our lesson? (get to know the spelling, use it correctly in writing)

3.2 Brainstorm(research work )

The words are written on the board: grow, plant, grow, grown, grown, thickets.

- Write down these words and highlight the roots in them

- What words are these? (cognate)

—What phenomenon are we observing in these roots? (alternation of consonants st/sh/s)

— Try to formulate a writing rule vowels a-o in the roots grow, grow, grow

- Let's check our answers with the textbook. (p. 144 one student reads aloud)

3.3 Words are exceptions

Moneylender V Rostov lived

He sprout bought myself

Somewhere in the market.

3.4 Lexical work

A) Working with explanatory dictionary

Industry – a separate area of ​​activity of science, production

Sprout – 1) the stem of a plant at the very beginning of its development from a seed, rhizome, tuber; 2) a piece of branch with buds for planting; 3) (trans. sign) manifestation of the beginning development of something

A usurer is a person who lends money on interest. Borrowing at high interest rates

B) Work in pairs

Compose and write sentences with exception words.

4. Consolidation of what has been learned.

4.1 Working with the textbook.

A) p.145 exercise 262. One student is at the blackboard, the rest are in notebooks. The first three notebooks are for assessment.

4.2. Orthoepic minute

The teacher reads, the students repeat. A mark is given for the best pronunciation. Group work.

As she grew up, she grew a tail and wore a dark dress. As she grew up, she turned green and traded her tail for oars.

The sprouts grew, grew, but the sprouts did not grow.

4.3. Distributive dictation.

On the board in ovals are written the roots of ras-, ros-, rasch-

Task: decorate the oval with petals to make bright and beautiful flowers.

The words are written on the petals: (one word on each). Students, one by one (optional or pass the baton to a friend), select a ray with a word (on the teacher’s desk) and attach it to the oval.

R...stenia, grown...sli, razed...stays, r...growing, under...sli, dor...sti, zar...sli, r...drain, over...sli, grown, R...stov.

5. Lesson summary. Reflection.

- What spelling did we get to know?

- When should you write the letter a, and when the letter o in the roots grow, grow, grow?

- What exception words do you know?

- Today we were the most active..., some difficulties arose..., you need to be careful....

— Where did the difficulties arise?

6. Homework

P.37, learn.rule.exercise.263. Copy the text by inserting the missing letters. (for grade 3) Write down words with missing unstressed vowels in the root in two columns: 1- with a verifiable stress; 2 – with alternating (on 4 and 5). Additional task (optional): compose vocabulary dictation which we will conduct in the next lesson, on the spelling of the root -rast-, -rasch-, -ros-, -bir-, ber-, -kas-, - kos- (15 words, do not forget about the words - exceptions)

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A topic discussed in the 5th grade of school. However, one can often find the erroneous use of roots with What is the reason why it is difficult to write, for example, the roots -zar-/-zor- or -rast-/-rasch-/-ros-? The rule that is proposed in the school spelling course is aimed more at memorizing information than at its logical and etymological explanation. The matter becomes more complicated if the rule contains exceptions - words without explanation for memorization. The moneylender Rostislav from Rostov in a coat to grow - this is an almost complete list of exception words from the rule discussed below.

Formal rule. Roots -grow-, -grow-, -grew-

The rule succinctly makes it clear that the spelling -o- is used with the final -s- in the root, while the choice of the spelling -a- is responsible for two options: - st and - sch. The right choice the vowel in this case is the basis for the successful development of the Russian language, since the question concerns a morpheme of primary importance - the root. The word, the first building element of language, rests on it.

Why is it difficult to choose the right spelling? The reason is that the vowel being modified is in an unstressed position, and therefore there is a need to formulate a rule for the roots (-rast-, -rasch-, -ros-). However, simply memorizing the norms of a language will not always be successful, unlike a logical explanation, which is easier to remember.

Historical features

The fact is that the alternation of roots was a consequence of the mixing of two languages: Old Russian, the pre-literate language of Rus', and Old Slavonic, the language of church books. The first includes words with the root -o- (teenager, tall, undergrown), the second - with -a (plant, grow, grow).

In modern linguistics, there is a tendency to unify the root by creating a common semantic nest with the main spelling -a-. In this case, the support for mastering the spelling will be a formal rule. However, there is an assumption that words with different spellings are fundamentally derived from different, although the same root words.

Words with the root -ros- are closest to the past tense form of the verb “to grow,” for example, “he grew.” If you look carefully at the entire semantic nest of these words, you will notice the abundance of past participles and nouns with the meaning of an action that has already taken place (adult - who has already grown up, porosl - has already grown up).

For roots with the phoneme -a- the word-producer will be the verb “grow”: age, plant.

Exceptions

However, not everything is so simple with the roots -rast-, -rasch-, -ros-: the rule does not affect all words with an unstressed spelling at the root, since there are exceptions. They are not very difficult to remember if you look at them in more detail. Rostov and Rostislav belong to the category of proper names that do not obey the general laws for common nouns.

There are also exceptions to -growth-, which can be explained logically and through the relationship with the word “growth”: usurer (one who gives money at interest, that is, “in growth”), for growth (that is, for future greater growth) and sprout (a young plant that has just begun to grow).

It is worth remembering when memorizing not only the spelling -rast-, -rasch-, -ros-: the rule is suitable from a formal point of view. Only a more detailed and extensive study of the problem will give a chance to find an adequate explanation of the rule of interest. Provided that the memorized material is logically and historically justified, it will be easier to perceive and memorize.