Secret structures of the USSR. Especially secret objects of the USSR: abandoned or temporarily forgotten? “Well to Hell” or the Kola Superdeep Well

Heritage cold war, the results of the collapse of the USSR or simply someone’s negligence. Abandoned factories, military units and even spaceships. A country that no longer exists, technology frozen in time.

Here is only a small part of the abandoned objects to get an idea of ​​the scale of the sad picture.

Selection: hi-tech.mail.ru

The Project 903 ekranoplan missile ship “Lun” is the Soviet “aircraft carrier killer,” as it was called in the United States. And this was not far from the truth.

The ekranoplan was designed to combat surface ships by launching a missile strike.

Lun has come a long way from the start of development in the 70s to its transfer into trial operation in 1990. And already in 1991, operation was completed.

Thanks to its high speed and invisibility to radar, the Lun can sail to aircraft carriers within range of an accurate missile launch.

This sad picture in the photo is an abandoned hangar near the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. A few years ago, photographer Ralph Mirebs visited the hangar. Assembled space shuttles Product 1.02 “Storm” - the USSR’s response to the American Shuttles. (Photo by Ralph Mirebs):

In 1988, the Buran space shuttle (product 1.01) made an automatic flight into space. In 2002, during the collapse of installation and testing building No. 112, Buran was destroyed. (Photo by Ralph Mirebs):

Aralsk-7, Renaissance Island. A ghost town where biological weapons were rumored to be tested. The completely autonomous city was urgently abandoned in the early 90s.

The Duga radar had cyclopean dimensions! Height - 140 m, length - 500 m. 200 thousand tons of metal were used for construction. The station was not on combat duty and did not pass tests.

Over-the-horizon radar station "Duga" (Radar "Duga", Pripyat, Ukraine) - created for early detection of launches of intercontinental ballistic missiles. Construction was completed in 1985 near Chernobyl nuclear power plant.

Abandoned collider, Protvino, Moscow region.

The 21-kilometer-long ring tunnel, located at a depth of 60 meters, is now located near Protvino, a city near Moscow, a city of nuclear physicists.

It is less than a hundred kilometers from Moscow along the Simferopol highway. They even began to bring equipment into the already completed accelerator tunnel, but then a series of political upheavals struck, and the domestic “hadron collider” was left to rot underground.

The Kola superdeep well (Murmansk region) is the deepest in the world. Its depth is 12,262 meters; the diameter of the upper part is 92 cm, the diameter of the lower part is 21.5 cm. (Archive photo from 1974):

Kola superdeep well. This is how the object looks today. In 2008, the facility was abandoned, the equipment was dismantled, and the destruction of the building began.

Station for studying the ionosphere (Ukraine, Zmiev). It was built as an analogue of the American HAARP project in Alaska in the late 80s.

Kyiv Electric Transport Plant has a long history. The opening took place on May 1, 1906.

During 1974 - 1985 About a hundred new KTG freight trolleybuses rolled off the assembly line every year. And this is what the Kyiv Electric Transport Plant looks like these days. (Photo by technic-man):

Nuclear power plant in Shchelkino. There are many Crimean secret (and not so secret) abandoned objects, because the peninsula was a line of defense in the south of the USSR and Russian Empire. This nuclear power plant, for example, was supposed to supply electricity to the entire Crimea.

They started building the station in 1974, and in 1987, after the Chernobyl tragedy, construction was frozen. The station had already managed to take a place in the Guinness Book of Records as the most expensive nuclear reactor in the world.

Object No. 221, Crimea is a truly secret object. The photo shows a dummy building that hides a chain of bunkers underground. Fearing a nuclear strike, the USSR leadership built a bunker for the Reserve Command Post.

Tunnels of object No. 221 (Crimea). In addition to the command post, 10 thousand people - officers and their families - were to be evacuated underground in the event of a nuclear threat.

The Crimean bunker was abandoned in 1992. According to some reports, it was 90% ready.

Object 825 GTS - underground submarine base in Balaklava. Secret military facility during the Cold War. The underground complex was built over 8 years, from 1953 to 1961. After its closure in 1993, most of the complex was not guarded. (Photo by Alexander “Russos” Popov):

The object "Object 825 GTS" is located in Mount Tavros and is a structure of the first category of protection (direct hit atomic bomb 100 kt). (Photo by Alexander “Russos” Popov)

Anti-nuclear doors of “Object 825”.

It's hard to believe, but there are entire "cemeteries" military equipment, left by various reasons back in the days of the USSR. In the photo: Equipment that participated in the liquidation of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. A familiar picture for fans of “S.T.A.L.K.E.R.”

Amderma, radar "Lena-M". The village on the shores of the Kara Sea was the center of the largest military infrastructure in the Arctic during Soviet times. Large radar installations were installed here and fighter aircraft were based. (Photo by Ralph Mirebs):

Amderma, radar complex control center.

Amderma. Balls of radio-transparent shelters for mobile radars. (Photo by Ralph Mirebs):

And this is the Moscow region, our days. A whole arsenal of military equipment abandoned in the forest.

Such a picture, as they say, is not so rare in our country. Entire military bases stand completely abandoned.

Skrunda - once a secret military unit of the USSR - an entire Latvian city stands abandoned. There are many similar “ghosts” throughout the former Soviet Union.

The abandoned eighth workshop of the Dagdizel plant in the city of Kaspiysk. Naval weapons testing station, which was commissioned in 1939. Located at a distance of 2.7 km from the coast.

Missile system R-12 "Dvina" (Postavy). The complex was built in 1964 and was in service until 1994. One of the objects from the Cold War.

According to some reports, this photo was taken the day before the death of K-159 during transportation for disposal.

Project 613 submarines are a series of Soviet medium-sized diesel-electric submarines built in 1951-1957.

Aug 15, 2019 Alexander

The once mighty communist empire spared no expense on either defense or science. And from Pacific Ocean Huge antennas aimed into space rose to the middle of Europe, and secret military bunkers were hidden in the forests. With the collapse of the Union, the heirs found it unaffordable to maintain many of these facilities. And the newly formed young states were not interested in science, and the task of border defense was assigned to powerful neighbors...

Here are just a few structures out of thousands of secret and not-so-secret objects hidden in the mountains and forests that characterize the full power of the collapsed empire. But these are only the least valuable ones, which turned out to be unclaimed during the period of division of property between the once fraternal republics...

Balaklava, Crimea, Ukraine

Secret submarine base
One of the largest military installations that were abandoned after the collapse of the USSR.

Since 1961, under Mount Tavros there was a complex where ammunition was stored (including nuclear) and repairs of submarines were carried out.

Up to 14 submarines could hide in the docks of the base different classes, and the entire complex was able to withstand a direct blow nuclear bomb power up to 100 kT.

Abandoned in 1993, the object was stolen for scrap by local residents and only in 2002 a museum complex was organized on the remains of the submarine base.

Abandoned missile silo, Kekava, Latvia

After the collapse of the empire, the young republics inherited a lot of military property, including ballistic missile launch silos scattered throughout the forests.

Not far from the town of Kekava, there is the former location of the R-12U complex. It consisted of 4 launch silos and a central control and technical support bunker.

This is a former secret facility of the USSR - one of the missile shields of the homeland! In the 1960s, the Dvina complex was built here, which consisted of four “glasses” - shafts more than 35 meters deep and underground bunkers.

The territory was surrounded by a triple perimeter of fence and barbed wire, behind which machine gunners were on duty around the clock, and the area was visible from towers. Residents of the surrounding villages had no idea WHAT was nearby!

But the military left the base already in the 1980s, took away everything valuable and secret, and then those same residents from the surrounding villages came and stole everything they could; in the early 1990s, even convex-concave doors weighing more than a ton were cut off and handed over to scrap metal...

Now most of the underground rooms are flooded, at the bottom of the “glasses” there are remnants of super-toxic rocket fuel...

Giant excavators, Moscow region

Until 1993, the Lopatinsky phosphorite mine was a completely successful operating deposit, where the most necessary for the Soviet agriculture fossils. And with the arrival market economy abandoned quarries with giant bucket excavators have become a place of pilgrimage for tourists.

You should hurry up with your visit; the huge mechanical dinosaurs are gradually being dismantled for scrap metal. But even after the dismantling of the latest equipment, the Lopatinsky quarries will remain a very remarkable place due to the unearthly landscapes. And by the way, you can still find fossils of ancient marine life here.

Over-the-horizon radar Duga, Pripyat, Ukraine

The titanic structure, built in 1985 to detect launches of intercontinental ballistic missiles, could have successfully functioned to this day, but in fact it worked for less than a year.

The giant antenna, 150 meters high and 800 meters long, consumed such an amount of electricity that it was built almost right next to the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, and, naturally, stopped working with the explosion of the station.

IN present moment Excursions are taken to Pripyat, including to the foot of the radar station, but only a few risk climbing the 150-meter height.

Ionosphere Research Station, Zmiev, Ukraine

Almost just before the collapse of the Soviet Union, an ionospheric research station was built near Kharkov, which was a direct analogue of the American HAARP project in Alaska, which is still successfully operating today.

The station complex consisted of several antenna fields and a giant parabolic antenna with a diameter of 25 meters, capable of emitting a power of about 25 MW.

But the young Ukrainian state has no need for advanced, and very expensive, scientific equipment, and now only stalkers and hunters for non-ferrous metals are interested in the once secret station. And of course, tourists.

Abandoned Accelerator elementary particles, Moscow region

In the late 80s, dying Soviet Union decided to build a huge particle accelerator. The 21-kilometer-long ring tunnel, located at a depth of 60 meters, is now located near Protvino (aka Serpukhov-7) near Moscow, the city of nuclear physicists.

It is less than a hundred kilometers from Moscow along the Simferopol highway. They even began to deliver equipment into the already completed accelerator tunnel, but then a series of political upheavals struck, and the domestic “hadron collider” was left to rot underground...

The location was chosen for geological reasons - it is in this part of the Moscow region that the soil allows for the placement of large underground facilities.

Underground halls to accommodate large equipment, they were connected to the surface by vertical shafts down 68 meters! Cargo cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 20 tons are installed directly above the well. The diameter of the well is 9.5 m.

At one time, we were 9 years ahead of the United States and Europe, but now the opposite is true, we are far behind and the Institute simply does not have the money to complete construction and put the Accelerator into operation.

The remaining engineers and scientists tried to use the crumbs provided by the state budget to bring the matter to a more or less acceptable conclusion. At least in the form of a completed unique engineering structure - an underground “donut” 21 km long.

But it is quite obvious that a country with a destroyed economy, which does not have clear prospects for its further development as part of the world community, will not be able to implement such a project...

The costs of creating an UNC are commensurate in scale with the costs of construction nuclear power plant.

Maybe the physicists of the next generation will find a worthy use for it...

Sea city "Oil Rocks", Azerbaijan

The Union needed oil, and in the 40s of the last century, offshore production began in the Caspian Sea, 42 kilometers east of the Absheron Peninsula.

And around the first platforms a city began to grow, also located on metal overpasses and embankments.

During its heyday, power plants, nine-story dormitory buildings, hospitals, a cultural center, a bakery and even a lemonade shop were built on the open sea, 110 km from Baku.

The oil workers also had a small park with real trees. Oil rocks are more than 200 stationary platforms, and the length of the streets and alleys of this city at sea reaches 350 kilometers.

But cheap Siberian oil made offshore production unprofitable and the village began to fall into disrepair. Today only about 2 thousand people live here.

Semipalatinsk nuclear test site. Kazakhstan. Semipalatinsk

The Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site is the first and one of the largest nuclear test sites in the USSR, also known as “SINT” - the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site.

Semipalatinsk test site. Google view. Underground testing sites

On the territory of the Semipalatinsk test site there is an object where the most modern nuclear weapons. There are only four such objects in the world.

On its territory there is the previously closed city of Kurchatov, renamed in honor of the Soviet physicist Igor Kurchatov, previously Moscow 400, Bereg, Semipalatinsk-21, Terminus station.

From 1949 to 1989, at least 468 nuclear tests were carried out at the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site, in which at least 616 nuclear and thermonuclear devices were exploded, including: 125 atmospheric (26 ground, 91 air, 8 high-altitude); 343 test nuclear explosion underground (of which 215 are in adits and 128 in wells).

In the hazardous areas of the former test site, the radioactive background still (as of 2009) reaches 10-20 milliroentgen per hour. Despite this, people still live at the site.

The territory of the test site was not protected in any way and until 2006 was not marked on the ground in any way.

Radioactive clouds from 55 air and ground explosions and the gas fraction from 169 underground tests escaped beyond the test site. It was these 224 explosions that caused radiation contamination of the entire eastern part of Kazakhstan.

Kadykchan "Death Valley" Russia, Magadan region

An abandoned mining “ghost town” is located 65 km northwest of the city of Susuman in the Ayan-Yurya River basin (a tributary of the Kolyma).

The almost 6 thousand population of Kadykchan began to rapidly melt after an explosion at a mine in 1996, then it was decided to close the village. There has been no heat here since January 1996—due to an accident, the local boiler room froze forever. The remaining residents are heated using stoves. The sewage system has not worked for a long time, and you have to go outside to go to the toilet.

There are books and furniture in houses, cars in garages, children's potties in toilets.

On the square near the cinema there is a bust of V.I., which was finally shot by residents. Lenin. Residents were evacuated within a few days when the city was “unfrozen.” It's been like that ever since...

There are only two principled residents left. There is an eerie silence over the city, broken by the occasional grinding of roofing iron in the wind and the cries of crows...

The union had secret projects that the authorities did not tell the people about, closed cities where only scientists and military personnel were allowed, as well as secret objects. Of course, they became known after the collapse of the USSR, but not everyone still knows about them.

Oil stones

In 1949, an entire city was built in the Caspian Sea. Initially, Stalin planned to completely drain the reservoir in order to extract oil, but that project was very long and expensive. Therefore, the authorities decided to build a city, which is still supported by metal overpasses and embankments. During the heyday of the oil industry in the union, hospitals, dormitories, a cultural center, a bakery and a lemonade shop were located in Nefty Rocks. Now the city is functioning, but not on such a scale.

Ionosphere research station

Almost just before the collapse of the USSR, an entire station was built near Kharkov to study the ionosphere. It has become an analogue of the American project that operates in Alaska. However, after leaving Soviet power expensive equipment turned out to be of no use, so now only stalkers and tourists are interested in the station.

Missile silo

In the 1960s, the Dvina complex was built here, which consisted of four 35-meter-deep mines and bunkers. All this was guarded by a concrete fence with barbed wire and military personnel. Residents of the surrounding villages had no idea what was located next to their homes. The military left the base back in the 1980s and took away the most secret things. They came there in the 90s local residents and plundered what was left. Now most of the underground rooms are flooded.

The USSR authorities did not skimp on financing projects that were supposed to ensure the strength and power of the communist system, and, if necessary, to protect it. But in the early 1990s, the huge country fell apart, some military and scientific facilities were transferred to newly formed states - yesterday's union republics. Others were simply abandoned.

Biochemical testing site "Barkhan"

From 1942 to 1992, a military biochemical training ground was located on Vozrozhdeniya Island, which was located in the middle of the Aral Sea. Its code name is “Darkhan”. For half a century, bacteriological weapons were tested there on experimental animals - dogs, monkeys, sheep, horses. Samples of drugs were supplied from all military biochemical laboratories of the USSR - Stepnogorsk, Kirov, Sverdlovsk-19, Omutninsk, Sergiev Posad, Obolensk.

The facility was carefully guarded; access to the island by outsiders was strictly prohibited. The degree of secrecy was such that most of the employees who participated in maintaining the landfill did not even know where they worked.

A whole complex of bioengineering institutes was located on the island - buildings and laboratories, vivariums, equipment warehouses. Very comfortable conditions were created for military scientists in the town. But in the 90s. everything has changed. In 1992, President Boris Yeltsin issued a decree closing the site. The military contingent was redirected to Kirov, and the biological laboratory was dismantled.

Now no one can say what kind of research the scientists were doing on Vozrozhdeniya Island. The equipment was stolen by looters, taking away everything that was of any value. Only abandoned buildings remained.

By the way, in 1995, American military bacteriologists came to the test site - they were invited by the authorities of Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, which, after the collapse of the USSR, owned the territory of the island. Foreigners took samples from several burial grounds and found that the anthrax spores with which Soviet scientists worked did not die completely and remained somewhat dangerous.

Dvina installation in Latvia

Since 1964, in the forests near Kekava (17 km from Riga) there was a missile complex - four launch silos 35 m deep, an underground command post, fuel component storage facilities and equipment rooms.

The facility was built in 1964. But in the second half of the 1970s, the R-12 and R-12U missiles began to be removed from service in connection with the deployment of the RSD-10 systems, and first of all, missile systems with silo launchers were eliminated. So the Dvina was no longer needed by the Soviet government.

After the collapse of the USSR, mines in Latvian forests and a significant part of the premises were partially flooded and looted. All metal has been cut off. Experts in extreme tourism warn that going to this abandoned site without an experienced guide is dangerous. And it’s not just that the mines are filled with water. They say that vapors of poisonous rocket fuel - heptyl - can escape from their depths.

Former ZCP near Aksai

The reserve command post of the North Caucasus Military District (ZKP) was built in the 50-60s. last century, when the USSR was preparing for a large-scale nuclear war and in the surrounding area major cities erected underground recessed command posts various types troops.

Inside the hill on Mukhina Balka (this place is located in the Aksay region in the Rostov region) tunnels 8 m high and 85 m long were laid. They were designed in such a way that the structure could survive even a direct hit from an atomic bomb. The two-tier bunker had an extensive system of corridors with sealed doors, many rooms and vast halls. It was officially believed that the gigantic structure was intended for the repair and storage of armored vehicles. But research into underground explosions was also carried out there.

Round openings still lead into the buildings of the former command post. But no tests have been carried out here since the mid-1980s. And in 1993 it was finally closed. Local residents removed furniture and fixtures from the premises. In 1998, a military history museum was opened on the territory of an abandoned bunker. Now anyone can legally come here as a tourist.

Radar "Duga" ("Russian Woodpecker")

In order to promptly detect launches of intercontinental ballistic missiles, the Soviet military command decided to create the Duga early warning system. It was based on two nodes located in different parts USSR: the first was in Chernobyl (now Ukraine), the second was near Komsomolsk-on-Amur.

Rocket launches were supposed to be determined by starting flares, the radiation of which should be reflected by the ionosphere (the upper part of the atmosphere). Therefore, the size of the structures was impressive: the antennas consisted of 30 masts, which reached a height of up to 150 m, and the length of the structure reached 800 m. The capabilities of the project at that time were unique - the technology allowed scientists and engineers to look beyond the horizon. The facility's top secret status remained until the mid-1980s.

The antenna near Chernobyl consumed a lot of energy - it was for this reason that they decided to build it near a nuclear power plant. Next to the radar there was a garrison where military personnel and their families lived. The town was named Chernobyl-2.

The station made a characteristic sound on the air, similar to knocking, and in the lexicon of the alleged enemy it received the nickname Russian Woodpecker (“Russian Woodpecker”). It was accepted for combat duty in 1985, and a year later the system was modernized. However, in the same year there was an accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, and the operation of the Duga radar was stopped. It was not closed immediately - until 1987 the station remained mothballed. But over time, it became clear that it was impossible to carry out combat duty there. The country's leadership decided to complete the project. The main components were dismantled and taken to Komsomolsk-on-Amur. But the huge radio masts towering above the forest remain - they can be seen from anywhere in the exclusion zone of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.

"Nora" in Crimea

At the Reserve Command Post Black Sea Fleet(ZKChF) there were three more names - “Object No. 221”, “Alsu-2” (in honor of the nearby tract) and “Nora”. From here the combat operations of Soviet ships in the Black Sea were to be controlled in the event of war.

Construction of the top-secret facility began in 1977, but was never completed, although very little remained - to carry out finishing work and install equipment. But it was already 1992, Crimea remained part of Ukraine, and it did not need a huge bunker. The object was mothballed, not knowing what use to find for it. Then the security was removed and thereby opened up access for the looters...

The structure is located at a depth of more than 200 m, and its underground part consists of four tiers. A truck or two cars can easily pass through the tunnels side by side. The buildings on the surface were carefully camouflaged. Let's say the two entrances leading to the Burrow are concrete slabs on which window openings are painted. From a distance it looks like a residential building.

At the top of the mountain there are exits of ventilation shafts with a diameter of 4.5 m. They are also camouflaged - blocked by concrete buildings.

In the USSR, many secret facilities were built for the defense and scientific departments

Vitaly Ovchinnikov

After the collapse of the USSR, new young states on the territory former USSR Many once powerful military and scientific facilities were inherited. The most dangerous and secret objects were urgently blown up, mothballed and evacuated, while many others were simply abandoned. They were left to rust: after all, the economies of most newly created states simply could not support their maintenance; no one needed them. Now some of them represent a kind of “mecca” for “stalkers”, and a kind of “tourist” sites for extreme sports enthusiasts, visiting which involves considerable risk.

This note is about some of them

“RESIDENT EVIL: SECRET COMPLEX ON THE ARAL SEA.

During Soviet times, a complex of military bioengineering institutes was located on an island in the middle of the Aral Sea, engaged in the development and testing of biological weapons. It was an object of such secrecy that most of the employees involved in the landfill maintenance infrastructure simply did not know where exactly they were working. On the island itself there were buildings and laboratories of the institute, vivariums, and equipment warehouses. In the town, very comfortable living conditions were created for researchers and military personnel in conditions of complete autonomy. The island was carefully guarded by the military on land and sea. In 1992, the entire facility was urgently mothballed and abandoned by all occupants, including the facility's guards. For some time it remained a “ghost town” until it was discovered by looters, who for more than 20 years removed from the island everything that was abandoned there. Fate secret developments conducted on the island and their results - cultures of deadly microorganisms - still remains a mystery.

HEAVY POWERFUL “RUSSIAN WOODPECKER”

The "over-the-horizon" radar station Duga is a radar station created in the USSR for early detection of launches of intercontinental ballistic missiles by launch flashes (based on the reflection of radiation by the ionosphere). This gigantic structure took 5 years to build and was completed in 1985. The cyclopean antenna, 150 meters high and 800 meters long, consumed a huge amount of electricity, so it was built near the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. For the characteristic sound on air made during operation (knocking), the station was named Russian Woodpecker (Russian Woodpecker). The installation was built to last and could function successfully to this day, but in reality the Duga radar operated for less than a year. The facility stopped operating after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant explosion.

UNDERWATER SHELTER SUBMARINE

As they say knowledgeable people- this top-secret submarine base, codenamed “Object 221” in Balaklava, was a transshipment point where submarines, including nuclear ones, were repaired, refueled and replenished with ammunition. It was a gigantic complex built to last, capable of withstanding nuclear attack, under its arches could accommodate up to 14 underwater vessels at the same time. This military base was built in 1961 and abandoned in 1993, after which it was dismantled piece by piece by local residents. In 2002, it was decided to build a museum complex on the ruins of the base, but so far things have not gone beyond words. However, local diggers willingly take everyone there.

"ZONE IN THE FORESTS OF RUSSIA"

Very close to the capital of Latvia, in the forest there are the remains of the Dvina missile system. Built in 1964, the facility consisted of 4 launch shafts approximately 35 meters deep and underground bunkers. Much of the premises is currently flooded, and visiting the launch site without an experienced stalker guide is not recommended. Also dangerous are the remnants of toxic rocket fuel - heptyl, which, according to some information, remain in the depths of launch silos.

Exactly the same mines were located in Transcarpathia, in the areas of the cities of Stryi and Brody, near Kostroma, near Kozelsk and in other areas of the country.

"THE WELL IN HELL" or Kola superdeep well.

The Kola superdeep well is 12,262 meters. Located in the Murmansk region, 10 kilometers west of the city of Zapolyarny. The well was drilled in the northeastern part of the Baltic shield exclusively for research purposes in the place where the lower boundary earth's crust comes close to the Earth's surface. In the best years, 16 research laboratories worked at the Kola superdeep well, they were personally supervised by the Minister of Geology of the USSR. A lot has been done at the well most interesting discoveries, for example, the fact that life on Earth appeared 1.5 billion years earlier than expected. At depths where it was believed that there was no and could not be organic matter, 14 species of fossilized microorganisms were discovered - the age of the deep layers exceeded 2.8 billion years. In 2008, the facility was abandoned, the equipment was dismantled, and the destruction of the building began. As of 2010, the well has been mothballed and is gradually being destroyed. The cost of restoration is several hundred million rubles. The Kola superdeep well is associated with many implausible legends about a “well to hell” from the bottom of which the cries of sinners are heard, and the drill bits are melted by hellish flames.

"OIL STONES"- a sea city of oil producers in the Caspian Sea

This settlement on trestles standing directly in the Caspian Sea is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the world's oldest oil platforms. It was built in 1949 in connection with the beginning of oil extraction from the seabed around the Black Rocks - a rock ridge barely protruding from the surface of the sea. Here there are drilling rigs connected by overpasses, on which a settlement of oil field workers is located. The village grew, and in its heyday included power plants, nine-story dormitory buildings, hospitals, a community center, a park with trees, a bakery, a lemonade production plant, and even a mosque with a full-time mullah. Length of overpass streets and alleys sea ​​city reaches 350 kilometers. There was no permanent population in the city, and up to 2,000 people lived there as part of the rotational shift. The period of decline of Oil Rocks began with the advent of cheaper Siberian oil, which made offshore production unprofitable. However, the seaside town still did not become a ghost town; in the early 2000s, capital works began there renovation work and even began laying new wells.

THE FAILED SOVIET COLLIDER.

In the area of ​​the city of Protvino, Moscow region, there is a gigantic unfinished and now abandoned particle accelerator.

Podmoskovny science center Protvino in Soviet era was a city of nuclear physicists, a powerful complex physical institutes, where scientists from all over the world came. A circular tunnel 21 kilometers long was built, lying at a depth of 60 meters. It is still located near Protvino. They even began to bring new equipment into the already completed accelerator tunnel, but then a series of political upheavals broke out in the nineties, and the domestic “hadron collider” remained empty, not mounted.

The institutions of the city of Protvino at least somehow maintain the satisfactory condition of this tunnel - an empty dark ring underground. There is a lighting system there, and there is a functioning narrow-gauge railway line. All sorts of commercial projects were proposed, such as an underground amusement park or even a mushroom farm. However, scientists are not yet giving this object to “businessmen” - they are hoping for the best.