Root hole. Grape vines. How to plant a vine? How is the vine formed? Growing seedlings in bottles

One of the most beloved plants, both by professionals and amateur gardeners, has been grapes for many hundreds of years. It is interesting to people not only for its amazing taste, the ability to create the best varieties of wines, but also for its medicinal properties.

Humanity has come up with many ways to use the vine: weaving baskets, furniture, vases, fences, garden figurines and much more.

Vine symbolism

Each nation, which has its own faith and traditions, fills the vines with different semantic meaning... For some it is a sign of fertility, passion, consciousness, life, for others it is a sign of greed, deceit and treachery, for others it is dedicated to dying gods.

The vine also found its reflection in Christianity. According to this belief, Christ symbolizes the main vine, and all of his followers are like the branches of grapes. The same parallel in faith is drawn between the church and its believers.

In Catholicism, grape wine symbolizes the blood of Christ; this is associated with the sacrament of communion, which signifies spiritual merging with God.

But there have been cases in history when it was forbidden to drink wine. For example, Muslims consider this drink to be a symbol of human sins.

The vine has also found its place on the coats of arms of many countries that are actively engaged in winemaking: Turkmenistan, Georgia, Moldova.

The structure of the vine

However, in no case should we neglect the fact that without knowledge of the structure of the grape bush, it is impossible to grow healthy sweet bunches.

To obtain a good harvest, it should be borne in mind that the grapes must necessarily have a support, as they belong to lianas with unevenly growing branches.

The grape bush can be roughly divided into two parts:

1. Underground part. Consists of 2 types of roots. When propagated by seeds, primordial root embryos are formed, with vegetative breeding - adventitious roots. Young roots are very sensitive to lack of moisture, and only after growth are covered with cork for protection.
2. Aboveground part. and requires mandatory pruning. Consists of fruit vines and replacement knots, which ensure fruiting. Branches in the second year of life are covered with wood, in the first they bear green leaves and antennae. The inflorescence and flower are formed on the plant in spring.

There are three types of buds in the leaf axils:

• Wintering.
• Stepson's.
• which are located at the root of the vine.

Propagation of grapes

When propagating grape varieties, several methods are used, depending on the climate, variety and purpose of breeding.

1. Reproduction by seeds. With it, the qualities of the mother grapes are not duplicated, which leads to a change in external and taste qualities. Fruiting occurs only after a few years. Often this method of propagation is used by breeders to develop new varieties or to give a plant a number of necessary qualities and characteristics.
2. Vaccination method. More convenient for gardeners, allows grape propagation in conditions low temperatures and freezing of the soil. The second name of the method is budding. To carry it out, you need a scion, a part of a cultivated plant, and a stock, grapes with a good root system. Before inoculation, the scion is immersed in water for 4-5 hours to soak.
3. Propagation by cuttings. The most common way. There are two main types, depending on the growing season:

• growing cuttings in winter, cut from the top of the vine in the fall;
• prepared vines are planted in open ground in spring.

Preparing cuttings in glasses

The method of preparing seedlings in glasses is often used by amateur gardeners. This growing scheme is very easy and not difficult even for those who do it for the first time.

In order to germinate vines in glasses, you will need: 2 glasses of different sizes, earth, river sand and leaf humus.

In a larger glass with holes pre-made at the bottom, 2 cm of leaf humus is poured for fertilization. In a glass of a smaller size (with a cut-off bottom), placed inside a large one, river sand is poured, and around it is earth. After that, the small glass is removed, a 4 cm depression is made in the middle of the river sand, into which a fragment of the vine is placed. The entire space to the top of a large glass is covered with sand and watered abundantly. A sprouted vine is planted in the spring.

Growing seedlings in bottles

To grow vines in a bottle, cut off the neck from the vessel and make holes in the bottom. First, a drainage layer is created, 6-7 tablespoons of the soil mixture are poured onto it, then a stalk is placed at an angle, and then the bottle is filled with steamed sawdust to the top. So that the young leaves do not lose moisture, the plant is covered with a plastic cup on top.

Watering is desirable through the pallet.

The cuttings are ready for planting when the young roots of the vine are visible on the walls of the bottle.

Landing rules

After successfully growing seedlings, you need to figure out how to plant a vine. This process requires a long preparation period, which includes the selection of a site, soil and the planting process itself.

The area for planting in the fall should be carefully dug up and fertilized. The soil on it should not be excessively moist and saline. Chernozems or loams are considered the best option. You should also pay attention to the illumination of the site, since a lack of light will lead to a deterioration in the taste of the grapes.

The most successful will be planting the vine in the spring, when the frost has passed. Young seedlings are placed in pits, while taking them out of containers, you must try not to damage the delicate roots. Mulch with peat and watered with regularity every 2-3 days.

Stages of vine formation

Before starting to form a bush, you should prepare a trellis. It should be oriented from south to north and consist of a support and wire up to 3 mm thick. Supports of any type, metal, wood or concrete, should preferably be placed at a distance of 3-4 meters from each other, and their height should not be less than 2.5 m.The wire is pulled every 50 cm.

Due to the fact that the grape harvest begins to give only in the third year after planting, the formation of the vine goes through the following stages:

1. First vegetation. During its period, two well-developed shoots should be grown. Excess branches must be removed when their length reaches 2-5 cm, otherwise the bush will be unproductive and depleted. At the beginning of autumn, the shoots are tied to a wire, and closer to the middle, pruning is done, leaving 3 eyes on each branch. For the winter period, the plant is covered with henna, sawdust or peat to prevent freezing, and then with a film to rid the bush of excess moisture.
2. Second vegetation. The main task of this stage is the formation of 4 shoots, the thickness of which by autumn at the level of the first wire should be 7-8 mm. From these shoots, the sleeves of the bush will be formed in the future.
3. Third vegetation. On each of the 4 arms, two vines are formed. It is important at this stage to control the first fruiting, leaving only 1 bunch for 1-2 shoots.
4. Fourth vegetation. During its period, the bush takes on a formed appearance. It is necessary to remove excess and garter green shoots, as well as to regulate fruiting. The number of bunches per shoot should be no more than at the first harvest.

Failure to comply with the rules of cultivation will lead to further weakening of the bush and poor fruiting.

The healing properties of the vine

The reasons why vines are grown are not only due to the taste of the fruit itself.

Man began cultivating grapes back in the Stone Age, since every part of this plant can boast of its unique components:

• The peel of the berries is saturated with waxes, essential oils and many dyes.
• Berries contain proteins, fiber, hemicellulose, citric, tartaric and malic acids.
• The fruits are rich in folic acid and vitamins of groups B, C, R.
• Grape seeds contain fatty oils, lecithin, vanillin and even acetic acid.

The grape treatment got its name - ampelotherapy. It has been proven to have a positive effect on headaches, migraines, help in the elimination of diarrhea and the fight against malignant tumors.

But, unfortunately, not everyone is shown not only such therapy, but generally the intake of these berries.

Weaving from grapevine

For people with enough patience, the vine can bring considerable profit or just become an interesting hobby.

The first material that mankind began to use for weaving was precisely the vine. When making various objects from it, due to the good flexibility and elasticity of the branches, it is possible not to carry out preliminary processing of the material.

The most popular vine products are baskets. can vary in color - from brown to gray, and wild grapes, in addition, also have an interesting structure, which gives the products uniqueness and originality.

Parsing scheme according to the composition of the holes:

hole

Parsing the word composition.

The composition of the word "laz":

Connecting vowel: absent

Postfix: absent

Morphemes - parts of the word laz

hole

Detailed breakdown of the word by way of composition. Word cope, prefix, suffix and word ending. Mopheme section of the word manhole, its scheme and parts of the word (morphology).

• Morphemes scheme: laz /
• Word structure by morphemes: root / ending
• Scheme (construction) of the word laz by composition: root laz + ending zero ending
• List of morphemes in the word laz:
  • laz - root
  • zero ending - ending
• Types of morphs and their number in the word laz:
  • delivery: absent - 0
  • queen: hole - 1
  • connecting glac: absent - 0
  • cyffix: absent - 0
  • postfix: absent - 0
  • end: zero ending. - 1

Total morpheme in the word: 2.

Derivative parsing of the word laz

• Word stem: hole;
• Word-formation affixes: prefix absent, suffix absent, postfix absent;
• Word formation: or non-derivative, that is, not derived from another root word; or formed in a non-adjective way: by cutting off the suffix from the stem of an adjective or verb;
• Education method:

  or non-derivative, that is, not derived from another root word; or formed in a non-adjective way: by cutting off the suffix from the stem of an adjective or verb

  .

See also other dictionaries:

Single-root words ... these are words with a root ... belonging to different parts of speech, and at the same time close in meaning ... Words with the same root word for laz

Examples of Russian words with the root "laz". Full list by parts of speech: nouns, adjectives, verbs ... Words with root laz

What's the meaning of the word for laz? plural.... English words for laz

Complete morphological analysis of the word "laz": Part of speech, initial form, morphological signs and word forms. The direction of the science of language, where the word is studied ... Morphological parsing hole

Stress in the word laz: which syllable is stressed and how ... The word "laz" is correctly spelled as ... Stress in the word laz

Synonyms for "laz". Online dictionary of synonyms: find synonyms for the word "laz". Synonymous words, similar words and similar expressions in ... Synonyms for laz

Anagrams (make an anagram) to the word laz, by mixing letters ... Anagrams for laz

Morphemic parsing of the word laz

Morphemic parsing of a word is usually called parsing a word by composition - it is a search and analysis of morphemes (parts of a word) included in a given word.

Morphemic parsing of the word laz is very simple. To do this, it is enough to follow all the rules and order of parsing.

Let's make morpheme parsing correct, but for this we just go through 5 steps:

• determining the part of speech of a word is the first step;
• the second - we select the ending: for mutable words we conjugate or inflect, for unchangeable ones (gerunds, adverbs, some nouns and adjectives, official parts of speech) - there are no endings;
• then we are looking for the basis. This is the easiest part because to define the stem you just need to cut off the ending. This will be the basis of the word;
• the next step is to search for the root of the word. We select related words for laz (they are also called single-root), then the root of the word will be obvious;
• We find the rest of the morphemes by selecting other words that are formed in the same way.

As you can see, morpheme parsing done simply. Now let's define the basic morphemes of the word and analyze it.

* Morphemic word parsing (word parsing) - search root , prefixes , suffix , endings and word basics The parsing of the word by composition on the site is made according to the dictionary of morphemic parsing.

Today is the Presentation of the Lord, February 15. Winter meets spring, and it's time to start rooting harvested cuttings.

V last years breeders have bred a great variety of varieties of this amazing culture. Now, not only residents of the southern regions can enjoy fresh berries from the vine in the garden. There are many dessert varieties that do well in colder regions.

Cuttings cut in the fall cannot be kept on outdoors longer than a day especially in warmth. They begin to wake up and evaporate moisture.

Why is it better to harvest cuttings in the fall rather than chop out with overwintered vines right in the spring? And all because during the winter the shoots dry out very much, moisture freezes out of them.

They can also be rooted, but they must first be soaked in water for at least 3 days so that they can restore tissue turgor. The second reason why it is better to rely on fall cuttings is the possibility of freezing the buds in winter.

If severe frosts are not uncommon in your area, it is better to immediately choose and plant grape varieties for the northern regions.

You can choose them in our catalog, which contains the offers of the largest online stores. ...

The beginning of growth

Sometimes it happens that not one, but two or even three shoots develop from the bud. How to be? How many sprouts should there be on the cutting?

• Young root system The cuttings will not be able to feed two normal vines, let alone more. It is necessary to leave the one that is stronger or grows straight up.
• If the shoots have developed from the two upper buds, it is better to leave the upper one, so that it is more convenient to later plant the seedling in a permanent place.

Decay of roots

It is also necessary to monitor the temperature: if the seedlings are cold, then the moisture evaporates less and causes decay. In this case, it is better to water them. after the soil has dried... If the trouble nevertheless happened, then you need to dig out a seedling, examine the roots, cut off the rotten to live. Then powder with crushed coal, plant in a new, not too wet soil and put in a warm place.

It happens that the roots rot completely, but the variety so wanted to grow! What to do? The main thing is not to lose hope! Necessary refresh the cut to living tissue and put it back in water for rooting.

Root problems are signaled by wilting of the top, sometimes drying out of the edges of the leaves ... This can be not only rotting of the roots, but also too dense soil or overflow when the roots are suffocating. If the ground is wet and watering with Kornevin or Radifarm is not possible, then you can try to help the plant by spraying it with Megafol.